Ultrathin metal layer, ITO film and ITO/Cu/ITO multilayer towards transparent antenna

Colombel, Franck; Castel, Xavier; Himdi, Mohamed; Legeay, G.; Vigneron, Sonia; Cruz, Eduardo Motta

doi:10.1049/iet-smt:20080060

Cited by 128 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In contrast, the gain of the multilayer antenna is always lower about 2 dB. This is due to both ITO/Ag/ITO ohmic loss (R s = 5.0 Ω/sq) and skin depth effect [7]. Indeed at 2 GHz and at 6 GHz, the skin depth is equal to 11.2 µm and Optical transparency improvement 6.5 µm, respectively.…”

Section: Antenna Gainsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Another ultrawideband transparent antenna has been elaborated from a homemade 200 nm thick ITO/Ag/ITO multilayer. This sample will stand for the state of the art for usual transparent and conductive layers with a measured sheet resistance of 5.0 Ω/sq [7]. The last antenna, made from a continuous 6 µm/5 nm-thick Ag/Ti bilayer (R s = 0.0026 Ω/sq) is a light reflecting antenna which stands for the reference from a radioelectrical behaviour point of view.…”

Section: Ultra-wideband Antenna Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the second part, we studied the radiofrequency performances of the AgGL antennas. Then, they are compared to those of a home-made ITO/Ag/ITO multilayer antenna [7] which stands for the state of the art in transparent antenna, and of a light reflecting silver/titanium antenna which stands for the radiofrequency performances. Identical design is used for all antennas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Radiofrequency Performances of Transparent Ultra-Wideband Antennas

Hautcoeur¹,

Colombel²,

Castel³

et al. 2011

PIER C

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Abstract-In this paper, optically transparent ultra-wideband (UWB) monopole antennas in S-band and Cband are presented, compared and discussed. Three transparent UWB antennas elaborated from the AgGL (Silver Grid Layer) material with various levels of transparency (54.5%, 73.4% and 80.3%) and of sheet resistances 0.018 Ω/sq, 0.022 Ω/sq and 0.052 Ω/sq, respectively are tested. The radiofrequency measurements show performances very close to those of a light reflecting reference antenna made of a continuous silver/titanium bilayer (0.0026 Ω/sq sheet resistance). Conversely, the fourth transparent antenna, made of usual transparent conducting oxide/metal multilayer presents significant ohmic losses and weak radiofrequency performances. The gains of the UWB AgGL antennas are similar to that of the reference antenna (∼ 6 dBi max.). Whereas the gain of the transparent multilayer antenna always stays ∼ 2 dB lower than that of the reference. This work demonstrates the relevance of AgGL coating in the fabrication of transparent UWB antennas with high radiation efficiency.

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Section: Antenna Gainsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Ultra-wideband Antenna Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiofrequency Performances of Transparent Ultra-Wideband Antennas

Hautcoeur¹,

Colombel²,

Castel³

et al. 2011

PIER C

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“…The multilayer film patch antenna features a peak gain of −4.23 dBi with an efficiency of 7.76%. In Reference [18], the electrical properties of a multilayer ITO film consisting of ITO/Cu/ITO with a maximum optical transmittance of 61% are investigated to validate the feasibility at the ultrahigh frequency (UHF) band. A transparent monopole antenna is printed on a glass substrate with an ITO/Cu/ITO film, featuring an Rs of 4.7 Ω/sq with an 85-(ITO), 13-(Cu), and 85-nm (ITO) thickness.…”

Section: Multilayermentioning

confidence: 99%

Optically Transparent Nano-Patterned Antennas: A Review and Future Directions

et al. 2018

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Transparent antennas have been continuously developed for integration with solar cells, vehicular communications, and ultra-high-speed communications such as 5G in recent years. A transparent antenna takes advantage of spatial extensibility more so than all other antennas in terms of wide range of usable area. In addition, the production price of transparent antennas is steadily decreasing due to the development of nano-process technology. This paper reviews published studies of transparent antennas classified by various materials in terms of optical transmittance and electrical, sheet resistance. The transparent electrodes for the transparent antenna are logically classified and the transparent antennas are described according to the characteristics of each electrode. Finally, the contributions transparent antennas can make toward next-generation 5G high-speed communication are discussed.

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“…A 200 nm-thick Ti film is then sputtered in a RF-diode system (Plassys, MP 450S) fully described in Colombel et al (2009). A RF power density of 3.4 W.cm -2 is used on the target; the argon working pressure is 1.1 Pa, and deposition time is 10 min.…”

Section: Titanium Sputtering and Wet Etching Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-cost photomask fabrication using laser ablation

Legeay

Castel

Benzerga

et al. 2015

Journal of Materials Processing Technology

Self Cite

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A specific fabrication process has been developed to produce low-cost photomasks using standard consumer products. This process is based on an indirect route, using a numerically-controlled excimer laser (KrF) etching technique. It begins with RF-sputtering deposition of a titanium film (200 nm-thick) on float glass substrate. Then a nitrocellulose lacquer, serving as a self-developing resist, is spin-coated on titanium. It is ablated with partially-overlapping laser impacts and undergoes self-combustion under laser beam. Proper heat treatments are applied before and after laser ablation to circumvent smearing and adhesion problems. Finally the titanium layer is wet etched through the openings in the resist by dilute hydrofluoric acid. Both nitrocellulose lacquer characterization and laser parameters are discussed. The resolution achieved here (10 µm, limited by diffraction effects of the laser optics and by side heating of the resist due to the titanium film) is suitable for the fabrication of microwave devices.To confirm the suitability of the proposed process, several photomasks have been fabricated to pattern coplanar tunable stub resonators on ferroelectric KTa 0.5 Nb 0.5 O 3 thin films. The dielectric permittivity of the KTa 0.5 Nb 0.5 O 3 material is controlled by DC biasing. A 18 % tunability of the stub resonance frequency has been measured in X-band (close to 10 GHz), validating thereby the whole patterning process.

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Ultrathin metal layer, ITO film and ITO/Cu/ITO multilayer towards transparent antenna

Cited by 128 publications

References 11 publications

Radiofrequency Performances of Transparent Ultra-Wideband Antennas

Radiofrequency Performances of Transparent Ultra-Wideband Antennas

Optically Transparent Nano-Patterned Antennas: A Review and Future Directions

Low-cost photomask fabrication using laser ablation

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