Ultraviolet laser deposition of graphene thin films without catalytic layers

Abstract

In this letter, the formation of nanostructured graphene by ultraviolet laser ablation of a highly ordered pyrolytic graphite target under optimized conditions is demonstrated, without a catalytic layer, and a model for the growth process is proposed. Previously, graphene film deposition by low-energy laser (2.3 eV) was explained by photo-thermal models, which implied that graphene films cannot be deposited by laser energies higher than the C-C bond energy in highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (3.7 eV). Here, we show that nanostructured graphene films can in fact be deposited using ultraviolet laser (5 eV) directly over different substrates, without a catalytic layer. The formation of graphene is explained by bond-breaking assisted by photoelectronic excitation leading to formation of carbon clusters at the target and annealing out of defects at the substrate.

Field‐Effect Transistors Based on Amorphous Black Phosphorus Ultrathin Films by Pulsed Laser Deposition

“…Figure a (upper) shows the photographs of four wafer‐scale films grown at different substrate temperatures, including sample A (film/graphene/copper), sample B (film/SiO 2 /Si) deposited at 150 °C, sample C (film/SiO 2 /Si) deposited at 250 °C, and sample D (film/SiO 2 /Si) deposited at 300 °C. Similar to the previous reports on the PLD growth of graphene, when each laser pulse hits on the surface of bulk BP target, the P–P bonds of BP are expected to be broken up to nanoscale phosphorus species, which forms the plasma plume propagating in the direction of the substrates in principle. Hence, the film thickness can be roughly controlled by counting the number of laser pulse.…”

Graphene-based textured surface by pulsed laser deposition as a robust platform for surface enhanced Raman scattering applications

“…Moreover, by providing energetic carbon species, PLD is an emerging technique to growth graphene at low temperature. 13,14 Au NPs were deposited on the fl-graphene to check the SERS activity. Rhodamine 6G, p-aminothiophenol (pATP), and a commercial pesticide were detected with a very good sensitivity.…”

Study on Graphene Thin Films Grown on Single Crystal Sapphire Substrates Without a Catalytic Metal Using Pulsed Laser Deposition

“…One advantage of PLD is that transcription processes, which is a problem with CVD, can be eliminated, and a graphene thin film can be prepared without a catalytic metal. Graphene growth by PLD was confirmed to have a close relationship with temperature [13][14][15].…”