Ultraviolet Light Inactivation and Photoreactivation in the Mycobacteria

David, Hugo L.; Jones, Wilbur Devereux; Newman, Carol M.

doi:10.1128/iai.4.3.318-319.1971

Cited by 45 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This is in contrast to an earlier study that indicated that M. avium was photo-reactive (McCarthy and Schaefer 1974). Earlier research on other Mycobacteria also demonstrated photo-repair activity (David et al 1971;Peccia and Hernandez 2001;Figure 2 Fitted curve along with the 95% Bayesian credible interval for Mycobacterium avium W41. Table 4 Mean log 10 inactivation (±SD) of dark and light repair experiments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…It would be advantageous to know whether this UV dose will provide adequate disinfection for organisms from the MAC. The literature has reported on UV inactivation of Mycobacterium, and MAC-specific inactivation data have been presented in the past (Huber et al 1970;David et al 1971;McCarthy and Schaefer 1974). These studies included inactivation data from Mycobacteria impregnated on either paper or filters However, the current effort used methodologies that make our data set comparable with other more recent publications regarding UV inactivation of waterborne bacteria (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the effectiveness of low-pressure ultraviolet light for inactivatingMycobacterium aviumcomplex (MAC) micro-organisms

Hayes

Sivaganesan

White

et al. 2008

Letters in Applied Microbiology

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Aims: To assess low‐pressure ultraviolet light (LP‐UV) inactivation kinetics of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) strains in a water matrix using collimated beam apparatus. Methods and Results: Strains of M. avium (n = 3) and Mycobacterium intracellulare (n = 2) were exposed to LP‐UV, and log10 inactivation and inactivation kinetics were evaluated. All strains exhibited greater than 4 log10 inactivation at fluences of less than 20 mJ cm−2. Repair potential was evaluated using one M. avium strain. Light repair was evaluated by simultaneous exposure using visible and LP‐UV irradiation. Dark repair was evaluated by incubating UV‐exposed organisms in the dark for 4 h. The isolate did not exhibit light or dark repair activity. Conclusions: Results indicate that MAC organisms are readily inactivated at UV fluences typically used in drinking water treatment. Differences in activation kinetics were small but statistically significant between some tested isolates. Significance and Impact of the Study: Results provide LP‐UV inactivation kinetics for isolates from the relatively resistant MAC. Although UV inactivation of Mycobaterium species have been reported previously, data collected in this effort are comparable with recent UV inactivation research efforts performed in a similar manner. Data were assessed using a rigorous statistical approach and were useful towards modelling efforts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the effectiveness of low-pressure ultraviolet light for inactivatingMycobacterium aviumcomplex (MAC) micro-organisms

Hayes

Sivaganesan

White

et al. 2008

Letters in Applied Microbiology

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“…The rate of photo-repair differs significantly within strains and species of micro-organisms and between different micro-organisms. Although little is known about photo-repair in mycobacteria, M. tuberculosis and M. marinum were reported to have 56 and 40% photorepair, respectively (David et al 1971), whereas 20-60% photo-repair for different phenotypes of M. kansasii (David 1973), and 7-70% photo-repair of M. parafortuitum were reported depending on the UV fluence used (Peccia and Hernandez 2001). Unfortunately, the initial inactivation fluence was not reported in any of these works, except for the study with M. parafortuitum, which was performed in an aerosol reactor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of DNA damage and repair in Mycobacterium terrae after exposure to UV irradiation

Bohrerova

Linden

2006

J Appl Microbiol

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Aim: Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation for drinking water treatment was examined for inactivation and subsequent dark and photo‐repair of Mycobacterium terrae. Methods and Results: UV sources tested were low pressure (monochromatic, 254 nm) and medium pressure (polychromatic UV output) Hg lamps. UV exposure resulted in inactivation, and was followed by dark or photo‐repair experiments. Inactivation and repair were quantified utilizing a molecular‐based endonuclease sensitive site (ESS) assay and conventional colony forming unit (CFU) viability assay. Mycobacterium terrae was more resistant to UV disinfection compared to many other bacteria, with approximately 2‐log reduction at a UV fluence of 10 mJ cm−2 ; similar to UV inactivation of M. tuberculosis. There was no difference in inactivation between monochromatic or polychromatic UV lamps. Mycobacterium terrae did not undergo detectable dark repair. Photo‐repair resulted in recovery from inactivation by ∼0·5‐log in less than 30 min for both UV lamp systems. Conclusions: Mycobacterium terrae is able to photo‐repair DNA damage within a short timeframe. The number of pyrimidine dimers induced by UV light were similar for Escherichia coli and M. terrae, however, this similarity did not hold true for viability results. Significance and Impact of the Study: There is no practical difference between UV sources for disinfection or prevention of DNA repair for M. terrae. The capability of M. terrae to photo‐repair UV damage fairly quickly is important for wastewater treatment applications where disinfected effluent is exposed to sunlight. Finally, molecular based assay results should be evaluated with respect to differences in the nucleic acid content of the test micro‐organism.

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“…A review of the literature documents that members of the genus Mycobacterium are as susceptible to short-wave length ultraviolet irradiation (UVC) as is E. coli (Collins 1971;David et al 1971;David 1973;McCarthy and Schaefer 1974). Further, there is evidence that UV irradiation was effective in reducing numbers of mycobacteria in aquarium tanks (Agbalika et al 1984).…”

Section: Ultraviolet Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surrounded by mycobacteria: nontuberculous mycobacteria in the human environment

Falkinham

2009

Journal of Applied Microbiology

480

359

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Summary A majority of the Mycobacterium species, called the nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), are natural inhabitants of natural waters, engineered water systems, and soils. As a consequence of their ubiquitous distribution, humans are surrounded by these opportunistic pathogens. A cardinal feature of mycobacterial cells is the presence of a hydrophobic, lipid‐rich outer membrane. The hydrophobicity of NTM is a major determinant of aerosolization, surface adherence, biofilm‐formation, and disinfectant‐ and antibiotic resistance. The NTM are oligotrophs, able to grow at low carbon levels [>50 μg assimilable organic carbon (AOC) l−1], making them effective competitors in low nutrient, and disinfected environments (drinking water). Biofilm formation and oligotrophy lead to survival, persistence, and growth in drinking water distribution systems. In addition to their role as human and animal pathogens, the widespread distribution of NTM in the environment, coupled with their ability to degrade and metabolize a variety of complex hydrocarbons including pollutants, suggests that NTM may be agents of nutrient cycling.

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Ultraviolet Light Inactivation and Photoreactivation in the Mycobacteria

Abstract: The kinetics of inactivation of mycobacteria by ultraviolet light were investigated. Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. marinum were shown to be capable of photo-reactivation.

Cited by 45 publications

References 3 publications

Assessing the effectiveness of low-pressure ultraviolet light for inactivatingMycobacterium aviumcomplex (MAC) micro-organisms

Assessing the effectiveness of low-pressure ultraviolet light for inactivatingMycobacterium aviumcomplex (MAC) micro-organisms

Assessment of DNA damage and repair in Mycobacterium terrae after exposure to UV irradiation

Surrounded by mycobacteria: nontuberculous mycobacteria in the human environment

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