“…In the region of the carbonyl stretching vibration the bands at 1700, 1718, 1690 cm À1 can be assigned to C]O groups in various chemical bonding environment, i.e. aldehydes, esters, and carboxylic acids [48,50,49]. The two bands at 1608 and 1574 cm À1 indicate modification in the ring substitutions, whereby the aromatic units lose their symmetry [50,48].…”