Ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy as a robust spectroscopic tool for in situ sunscreen analysis

Energy-donor phosphorescence quenching study of triplet–triplet energy transfer between UV absorbers

“…The energy levels of the S 1 states of these UV absorbers were estimated from the intersection point of the UV absorption and fluorescence spectra [36]. However, OCR has been reported to be nonfluorescent [37]. In the previous study, the energy level of the S 1 state of OCR was estimated to be 29,000 cm À 1 from the longer wavelength edge of the UV absorption spectrum [38].…”

Initial Excited-State Structural Dynamics of 9-Methyladenine from UV Resonance Raman Spectroscopy

“…Resonance Raman spectroscopy is a powerful tool for exploring the excited-state structural dynamics of molecules. − Tuning the exciting laser wavelength into the absorption band of a given molecule gives rise to resonant enhancement of those vibrational modes coupled to the molecular electronic excitation. ,, The resonance Raman vibrational band intensity is directly proportional to the slope of the excited-state potential energy surface along that vibrational coordinate; the greater the change in molecular structure along the vibrational coordinate, the more intense the resulting resonance Raman band. Thus, the intensities of the resonance Raman bands reflect the conformational distortion of the molecule along each normal mode upon excitation to an electronic excited-state.…”

Simultaneous determination of some ultraviolet-absorbing chemicals in sunscreen cosmetics using a high-performance liquid chromatography method

“…Generally, only one or several items of organic ultraviolet‐absorbing chemicals were commonly used in sunscreen products. It has been reported that the assay method for the determination of organic ultraviolet‐absorbing chemicals includes HPLC [6–18], other chromatography‐related techniques [19–21], electrochemical determination [22–24] and spectroscopy detection, such as UV spectroscopy [25–29], fluorescence spectroscopy [30] and resonance Raman spectroscopy [31]. However, there is not a comprehensive method for the simultaneous determination of various kinds of organic chemical absorbents in a wide range of sunscreen cosmetic products reported until now and there is no published data on the frequency of usage of individual ultraviolet‐absorbing chemicals in currently available sunscreens.…”