Umbilical cord blood interleukin-6 levels and neonatal morbidity

Weeks, Jonathan W.; Reynolds, Lynval; Taylor, Douglas D.; Lewis, Jerry M.; Wan, Tina C.; Gall, Stanley A.

doi:10.1016/s0029-7844(97)00421-3

Cited by 69 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Proinflammatory cytokines have been found to be increased in the serum [26,27] and cerebrospinal fluid [7,21] of newborns with perinatal hypoxia-ischaemia. Recent studies have also shown a strong association between perinatal infection and proinflammatory cytokines [10,11,[28][29][30][31]. In two of these studies [30,31], increased IL-6 levels were found in the umbilical cord blood of premature newborns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Early Markers of Brain Damage in Premature Low-Birth-Weight Neonates Who Suffered from Perinatal Asphyxia and/or Infection

Fotopoulos

Pavlou²,

Skouteli³

et al. 2001

Neonatology

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We studied 57 low-birth-weight premature neonates, of whom 29 suffered from perinatal asphyxia and/or infection, while the remaining 28 did not and served as controls. We measured peripheral nucleated red blood cell (NRBC) absolute numbers as well as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α cytokine serum levels at 24 h postnatally and on days 3 and 7 following birth. Fourteen of the asphyxiated/infected neonates and 12 controls had neurologic assessments at the corrected postnatal age of 18 months. We found NRBC absolute numbers and serum IL-1β and IL-6 cytokine levels at 24 h postnatally to be significantly higher in neonates with perinatal asphyxia/infection than in the controls (p = 0.022, p = 0.036 and p = 0.037, respectively). TNF-α levels did not differ. Neurologic examination at the corrected postnatal age of 18 months showed 8 out of the 14 children who had been asphyxiated/infected as neonates to have abnormal findings, while 12 children who were used as controls during their neonatal period were normal. Abnormal neurologic findings correlated with high NRBC counts and IL-1β and IL-6 levels at 24 h postnatally. In conclusion, increased NRBC counts and proinflammatory cytokine levels in asphyxiated/infected neonates represent early markers for subsequent neurologic impairment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Recent studies have also shown a strong association between perinatal infection and proinflammatory cytokines [10,11,[28][29][30][31]. In two of these studies [30,31], increased IL-6 levels were found in the umbilical cord blood of premature newborns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Early Markers of Brain Damage in Premature Low-Birth-Weight Neonates Who Suffered from Perinatal Asphyxia and/or Infection

Fotopoulos

Pavlou²,

Skouteli³

et al. 2001

Neonatology

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“…Chorioamnionitis increases the risk of preterm delivery 13 , and neonatal disease 13,14 . It has been suggested that elevated IL-6 in cordocentesis specimens 15 , or in umbilical serum at delivery 16,17 , may identify individuals who are at risk of developing adverse neonatal events, such as periventricular leukomalacia and bronchopulmonary dysplasia 15 -17 . Moreover, overt neonatal disease, such as early-onset sepsis, is associated with high TNFa, IL-1b, IL-6 and IL-8 levels in umbilical serum 18 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histologic chorioamnionitis and umbilical serum levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and cytokine inhibitors

Døllner

Vatten

Halgunset

et al. 2002

BJOG

101

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Objective To study 1. whether leucocyte infiltration in placenta tissues is associated with elevated umbilical serum levels of inflammatory mediators, and 2. whether leucocyte infiltration in the presence of neonatal disease is associated with additional increase in mediator levels.Setting University hospital.Population Two groups of women with either normal delivery (n= 82) or delivery complicated by prolonged rupture of the membranes, clinical signs of intrauterine infection or preterm labour (n= 139).Methods Umbilical cord blood and placenta tissues were collected after delivery. Placentas were classified as non‐inflamed (i.e. without leucocyte infiltration, n= 74), or as mild (n= 84), or severe chorioamnionitis (n= 63). Mediator levels were compared between groups.Results Severe chorioamnionitis was associated with elevated levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α, interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, soluble TNF receptor p55 and p75, IL‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1RA), and C‐reactive protein compared with non‐inflamed placentas (all P < 0.05). No differences were found between mild chorioamnionitis and placentas without infiltration. In all, 49 babies suffered from various perinatal diseases, such as clinical sepsis, respiratory distress and asphyxia, and 172 were healthy. Severe chorioamnionitis with subsequent neonatal disease (n= 23) had higher levels of all mediators, except IL‐1β and C‐reactive protein, than severe chorioamnionitis without neonatal disease (n= 40, all P < 0.01), but severe chorioamnionitis was also accompanied by a more intense and widely distributed leucocyte infiltration when neonatal disease developed.Conclusion High grade leucocyte infiltration in placenta tissues is associated with elevated levels of TNFα, IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, p55, p75, IL‐1RA and C‐reactive protein in umbilical serum. The presence of neonatal disease is associated with advanced chorioamnionitis, and highly elevated levels of both pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory mediators in umbilical serum.

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“…Elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma cytokine levels have been reported in infants with HIE 8 and those who later developed poor neurological outcomes 9 . Additional studies have found elevated umbilical cord cytokine levels in infants with perinatal asphyxia or HIE [10][11] . However, umbilical cord cytokine levels have not generally predicted adverse long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

189: The association of cord serum cytokines with neurodevelopmental outcomes

Varner

Marshall

2009

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

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OBJECTIVE-To test whether elevated umbilical cord serum inflammatory cytokine levels predicted subsequent cerebral palsy (CP) or neurodevelopmental delay (NDD).STUDY DESIGN-Nested case-control analysis within a clinical trial of antenatal magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) before anticipated PTB for prevention of CP, with evaluation of surviving children at age 2. NDD was defined as a Bayley Psychomotor Developmental Index (PDI) and/or Mental Developmental Index (MDI) <70. Controls, defined as surviving children without CP and with Bayley PDI and MDI ≥85, were matched by race and gestational age. Cord serum was analyzed for IL-8, IL-1 β and TNF-α levels. Elevated cytokine levels were defined as ≥75th percentile in placebo-exposed controls. Analyses compared case/control cytokine levels, adjusting for MgSO4 exposure, gestational age, race/ethnicity and sociodemographic differences. RESULTS-Logistic regression analysis with 339 cases and 276 controls showed that elevated IL-8 and IL-1β were more common in cord blood serum from infants with subsequent low MDI compared with controls. After adjusting for additional confounders, the significant differences were no longer evident. Cytokine levels (IL-8, IL-1β, and TNF-α) were not elevated with CP or low PDI.CONCLUSION-Cord serum IL-8, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels in preterm infants are not associated with subsequent CP or NDD.

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Umbilical cord blood interleukin-6 levels and neonatal morbidity

Abstract: Umbilical cord blood interleukin-6 levels are elevated in neonates who subsequently develop sepsis, congenital pneumonia, necrotizing enterocolitis, or grade II-IV intraventricular hemorrhage.

Cited by 69 publications

References 10 publications

Early Markers of Brain Damage in Premature Low-Birth-Weight Neonates Who Suffered from Perinatal Asphyxia and/or Infection

Early Markers of Brain Damage in Premature Low-Birth-Weight Neonates Who Suffered from Perinatal Asphyxia and/or Infection

Histologic chorioamnionitis and umbilical serum levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and cytokine inhibitors

189: The association of cord serum cytokines with neurodevelopmental outcomes

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