Umbilical cord blood quality and quantity: Collection up to transplantation

Abstract

Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is an attractive source of hematopoietic stem cells for transplantation in some blood disorders. One of the major factors that influence on transplantation fate is cord blood (CB) cell count, in addition to human leukocyte antigen similarity and CD34+ cell number. Here, we review the factors that could effect on quality and quantity of CBUs. Relevant English-language literatures were searched and retrieved from PubMed using the terms: CB, quality, collection, and transplantation. The numbers of total nucleated cells (TNCs) and CD34+ cells are good indicators of CB quality because they have been associated with engraftment; thereby, whatever the TNCs in a CB unit (CBU) are higher, more likely they led to successful engraftment. Many factors influence the quantity and quality of UCB units that collect after delivery. Some parameters are not in our hands, such as maternal and infant factors, and hence, we cannot change these. However, some other factors are in our authority, such as mode of collection, type and amount of anticoagulant, and time and temperature during collection to postthaw CBUs and freeze-and-thaw procedures. By optimizing the CB collection, we can improve the quantity and quality of UCB for storage and increase the likelihood of its use for transplantation.

Reference intervals for complete blood count from Umbilical Cord Blood in newborns and comparison with Venous Blood Values

“…[15][16][17] These researchers stated that these blood samples can be taken from newborns with reference value intervals for umbilical cord blood, and emphasized that if abnormal values are seen, it can be diagnosed with a more invasive procedure, venous blood sampling. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] In our study, unlike these studies, blood samples were taken from two different groups. However, the reliability of the results was increased by including almost two thousand newborns in our study.…”

“…CBC is often used to monitor the course of the disease or treatment as well as the diagnosis. [1][2][3] CBC provides the first blood results to show the health status of the newborn. However, this test has some negative aspects, especially in newborns, such as being a minimally invasive procedure, difficulty in finding the vein to be collected, not enough blood can be taken for the test and some possible local complications.…”

Towards Physiologically and Tightly Regulated Vectored Antibody Therapies

“…In the future, cell or vector libraries might become available to trigger the secretion of multiple antibodies at the same time in vivo, which would allow concomitant targeting of different markers of cancer cells and enhance treatment efficacy by reducing epitope spreading [97,98]. In addition, depending on the TAAs expressed by the cancer cells of a given patient, the Ab clones selected for treatment might be personalized.…”

Factors Associated With Umbilical Cord Blood Collection Quality in Japan

“…In Japan, UCB collection has been performed manually using a bag containing citrate-phosphate-dextrose (CPD). Some studies have suggested the amount and type of anticoagulant can cause the difference in cell viability in UCB [6][7][8]; however, in Japan bags of the same standard containing CPD have been used in all regions. In addition, in Japan delayed umbilical cord clamping has not been recommended in order to prevent serious neonatal jaundice [9,10].…”