Un modelo de procesamiento motivacional dual de las conductas de aculturación y resultados de la adaptación

Abstract

La investigación en aculturación no ha prestado suficiente atención a las motivaciones subyacentes a los comportamientos de los inmigrantes, las cuales influyen en la adaptación a su nuevo país de residencia. Los autores sugieren que la motivación para la conservación cultural (MCC) y la motivación para la exploración cultural (MEC) inciden en los comportamientos de aculturación de los inmigrantes y que estos a su vez afectan su adaptación psicológica y sociocultural. La presente investigación explora un modelo de procesamiento dual basado en las relaciones entre las motivaciones propuestas, los comportamientos de aculturación en relación con personas autóctonas/etnicidad semejante y la adaptación sociocultural y psicológica, en una muestra de inmigrantes en Nueva Zelanda (N = 280; 64.6 % mujeres; Media = 39 años). Usando un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales, los resultados apoyan el modelo dual propuesto y muestran la capacidad predictiva de las distintas motivaciones. La MCC predijo la adaptación psicológica a través de la conexión con personas de etnicidad semejante, mientras la MEC y la conexión con personas autóctonas predijeron la adaptación sociocultural de forma directa. Se discuten las implicaciones de los resultados, así como la utilidad del modelo propuesto.

Intercultural Relations among Ukrainian Immigrants Living in Portugal

“…An extensive corpus of literature has been devoted to study acculturation and adaptation (Sam & Berry, 2016;Recker, Milfont, & Ward, 2017). Acculturation is a dynamic and interactive process.…”

Basic values as a motivational framework relating individual values with acculturation strategies among Arab immigrants and refugees across different settlement contexts

“…Researchers have sought to clarify the personal motivations underpinning the behaviors of immigrants and their acculturation using one of three motivational theoretical frameworks: (1) a Dual Process Motivational Model (e.g., Recker et al, 2018), (2) Theories of Goal Constructs that distinguish between motivations and means (e.g., Vishkin et al, 2021), and (3) Schwartz's (1992Schwartz's ( , 2012 Theory of Basic Individual Values (e.g., Roccas et al, 2000;Güngör, 2007;Sapienza et al, 2010). Recker et al 's (2018) proposed dual process model differentiates between immigrants' motivations for heritage culture maintenance (MCM) and motivations for host culture exploration (MCE).…”

“…Less attention, however, has been paid to the role that individual values play in the acculturation of immigrants and their adaptation (e.g., Roccas et al, 2000 ; Güngör, 2007 ; Sapienza et al, 2010 ; Recker et al, 2018 ; Vishkin et al, 2021 ; Hanel et al, 2022 ). We consider that individual values are important features of individuals that exist prior to acculturation, which motivates us to examine them in relation to their acculturation strategies.…”

“… Recker et al’s (2018) proposed dual process model differentiates between immigrants’ motivations for heritage culture maintenance (MCM) and motivations for host culture exploration (MCE). Borrowing concepts from the varied, yet inconsistent psychological literature on motives (such as core motives, Fiske, 2008 ; self-determination theory of Ryan and Deci (2000) that distinguishes between extrinsic and intrinsic motivations; and novelty-seeking versus need for closure ( Kruglanski and Webster, 1996 ), Recker et al (2018) argued that motives for conservation, maintenance, stability and need for closure, are likely reflected in MCM, whereas motives of openness to change, exploration, plasticity, novelty-seeking, and intrinsic are reflected in MCE. However, their study did not examine the link between these presumably distinct motives per se and acculturation strategies; it was just assumed that MCM and MCE reflect those underlying motivations.…”

“…Given the limitations of the theoretical development of Recker et al’s (2018) and Vishkin et al’s (2021) approaches to study acculturation motivations, the present study follows a distinct line of classic research (e.g., Sapienza et al, 2010 ; Hanel et al, 2022 ) that builds on the strong theoretical and empirical foundations of Schwartz’s (1992 , 2012) Theory of Basic Individual Values in an attempt to explore the motivations underlying acculturation strategy preferences among immigrants and refugees.…”