Una nueva especie de <i>Hyphessobrycon</i> (Characiformes: Characidae) de la cuenca del río Telembí, vertiente sur del Pacífico, Colombia

Abstract

A new species of Hyphessobrycon (Characiformes: Characidae) from the Telembí River drainage, Southern Pacific slope of Colombia. The genus Hyphessobrycon is included within the subfamily Tetragonopterinae. The species are generally small, do not exceed 70mm of standard length, are economically important as ornamental fish, with 128 valid species distributed from Southern Mexico to Rio La Plata in Argentina. The collections of fish were made with seines, in a single biotope, along shore in backwaters and working downstream. Measurements of the specimens were taken point to point with digital calipers. Observations of bone and cartilage structures were made on cleared and stained (C&S) specimens. The morphometric relationships between species were explored using a principal component analysis (PCA)using 21 variables. We described a new species, Hyphessobrycon chocoensis, from the Telembí River drainage of the Pacific versant of Colombia. The new species, Hyphessobrycon chocoensis, is distinguished from congeners not of the "flammeus" species group by: having a diffuse humeral spot, in lacking a dark spot on the dorsal fin and caudal peduncle. It is distinguished from members its species group by the number of rays in the dorsal fin (ii, 8, i), by the number of branched anal-fin rays (25-26) and by having a diffuse humeral spot. It differs from H. tortuguerae in the number of teeth on the maxilla (1-2), by the number of predorsal scales and the high number of scales between the lateral line and the anal fin (6-7). Hyphessobrycon chocoensis can be distinguished from the other known species of Hyphessobrycon from the Pacific Coast of Colombia in having: a high number of pored lateral-line scales, by the snout to dorsal-fin length, by caudal-peduncle depth and by eye diameter. In addition, it differs from H. columbianus by the distance from the dorsal fin to the anal fin, by the length of the upper jaw, and by snout length. It differs from H. condotensis in having a high number of scales between the lateral line and the dorsal fin, and by the number of simple rays in the anal fin. H. chocoensis is distinguished from H. sebastiani by the number of transverse scales and the number of scales between the lateral line and the dorsal fin. A taxonomic key is provided to aid with the identification of the species of Hyphessobrycon from the

A new species of Hyphessobrycon Durbin from northeastern Brazil: evidence from morphological data and DNA barcoding (Characiformes, Characidae)

“…In addition, some artificial species groups of Hyphessobrycon were proposed based on the combination of character states (e.g., Weitzman and Palmer 1997, Zarske 2014, García-Alzate et al 2008a, b, 2013, Carvalho and Malabarba 2015) relying mainly on coloration patterns. However, in many cases, it is not possible to assign without reasonable doubt to which group a particular species belongs (Bragança et al 2015).…”

A new species of Hyphessobrycon Durbin (Characiformes: Characidae) from the middle rio São Francisco and upper and middle rio Tocantins basins, Brazil, with comments on its biogeographic history

“…Hyphessobrycon Durbin is one of the most species-rich genera of the Characidae, comprising approximately 130 valid species (Carvalho & Langeani, 2013;García-Alzate et al, 2013a, 2013bIngenito et al, 2013). The genus is distributed from Southern Mexico to the rio de La Plata in Argentina, and most of its diversity occurs east of the Andes.…”

A new species of Hyphessobrycon (Characiformes, Characidae) from the upper Guaviare River, Orinoco River Basin, Colombia

“…As mentioned by Ohara and Lima (2015), broad phylogenetic studies on the genus and related genera are necessary to evaluate its putative relationships, but these two species groups could be a starting point. As mentioned in the introduction, the genus Hyphessobrycon is paraphyletic and the new species described in this paper is not a member of the genus Hyphessobrycon sensu stricto (García–Alzate et al 2013 a, b) which includes the type species H. compressus and related species in Central America and some from the Colombian Chocó region: H. colombianus , H. sebastiani , H. condotensis , H. chocoensis and H. ecuadorensis . A phylogenetic reconstruction is needed that includes the type species and related Central American species to begin to unravel the phylogenetic relationships of the species of Hyphessobrycon sensu lato.…”

“…In addition to being one of the largest characid genera, it is found in all major drainages of the Neotropics, from southern México to the La Plata River in Argentina (García-Alzate et al 2013а). In morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses Mirande (2010) and Oliveira et al (2011) respectively, state that Hyphessobrycon is paraphyletic.…”