Quality assessment of university education and teaching is an essential and important part of teaching and learning activities. Over the years, a large amount of data has been accumulated in teaching and management, but the potential value of these data has not been fully utilized. How to use a large amount of data scientifically, automatically, and more effectively for rational analysis and guidance of current teachers’ teaching work has become a key issue in testing the effectiveness of teaching quality assessment, and an in-depth study is urgently needed. In this paper, we use the Eviews model, regression analysis algorithm, Apriori association rule algorithm, and other techniques. It conducts research on the assessment of teaching quality in Chinese universities. Finally, after completing the construction of the system, the main modules in the system, system management, resource management, quality assessment, and assessment query module, focused on testing. A total of 160 test cases were designed, of which 157 test results met the requirements of the system, and 3 results did not meet the requirements, with a success rate of more than 98%. The results show that the system has no major defects, runs normally, has stable performance, and meets the system requirements for teaching quality assessment in universities.