Unbundling female empowerment

Anderson, Siwan

doi:10.1111/caje.12628

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…In doing so it contributes to the literature that studies the influence of social institutions and identity markers on gender relations. Our findings also contribute to this growing literature which points that the various dimensions of female empowerment like higher education, labor force participation and equity in the share of household work may not co-evolve (Anderson, 2022;Bertrand et al, 2015;Srivastava, 2020). As Anderson (2022) points how it is critical to understand how the various dimensions of female empowerment co-evolve and how overlooking the interactions of these components can be misleading for policy prescription.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Gendered Time Use and its Heterogeneities:The Role of Region, Religion and Caste

Dasgupta,

Datta

2024

Preprint

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Is female labour force participation a good proxy for gendered time use? How do geography and the social institutions of caste and religion interact with the gendered distributionof time within Indian households? In this study, we use gender distance metrics, inspired by distance measures between vectors, to measure and document the extent to which time allocation within households is gendered. Importantly, we find that the relationship between gender distance and labour force participation is not monotonic and the linear relationship between the two is not statistically strong. Furthermore, we show that the relationship of caste, religion and region with gendered time use metrics is distinct from their relationship with employment. In contrast to popular hypotheses which suggest North Indian, Muslim,and Upper Caste households are more gender unequal, interestingly we only find robust confirmation for the hypothesis related to Islam in our regression framework. To further estimate the direct contribution of caste and religion in explaining the gendered time use gap betweengroups (as distinct from the contribution of differential distribution of covariates between groups), we supplement our regression results with Oaxaca-Blinder (1973) decomposition and Dinardo-Fortin-Lemeieux (1996) decomposition. These analyses confirm that caste and religion have complex and unexpected heterogeneous effects on the intensity of gendered timeuse. JEL Codes: J16, J21, J22, Z12, Z13

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Gendered Time Use and its Heterogeneities:The Role of Region, Religion and Caste

Dasgupta,

Datta

2024

Preprint

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“…The empowerment of women, a complex construct defined as a process of providing women with the ability to make strategic life choices (Anderson, 2022;Perkins and Zimmerman, 1995;Wolf et al, 2015), becomes a measure of social change (Awoa et al, 2022). Women's empowerment involves empowering women to have control, self-esteem, choice and impact on social change (Adhikari et al, 2023).…”

Section: Ijssp 445/6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Female immigrant entrepreneurship – predicted by women’s empowerment in host country

Gaweł,

Toikko

2024

IJSSP

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PurposeThe social inclusion of immigrants has been a central public policy issue in European countries, and entrepreneurship is often promoted as a form of integration. Female immigrants face double discrimination of gender and ethnicity while becoming entrepreneurs. The aim of the paper is to investigate the female empowerment in the host country as a predictor of immigrant women engagement in entrepreneurship.Design/methodology/approachBased on panel data for European Union countries for years 2006–2021, female immigrant entrepreneurship was modelled by the impact of variables showing the empowerment of women in host countries. Data availability was the determinant regarding the inclusion of 22 countries: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden were all in the research sample.FindingsAlthough immigrant entrepreneurship is highly context-oriented and locale-specific (as in the physical setting for relationships among people), some universal patterns for a group of countries are found. A stronger political and managerial position of power for the women in host countries encourages female immigrant entrepreneurship, while the gender pay gap is statistically insignificant.Originality/valueThe originality of the paper is due to the multi-country level and female-focused research perspectives in immigrant entrepreneurship. The study refers to the intersectionality of gender and ethnicity, arguing that the empowerment of women in host countries affects female immigrant entrepreneurship at the macro-level.

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“…Female empowerment is a multidimensional and complex construct (Persson et al , 2021; Anderson, 2022), mostly defined as a process of equipping females with more control over resources and assets to become independent, and of changing power relations and receiving greater control (Persson et al , 2021). The acquisition of power refers to the interrelated types of power: “power-over” as the power to control, “power-to” as the power to act and “power-from”, meaning the power to resist being controlled by others (Wolf et al , 2015; Ng et al , 2022).…”

Section: Women’s Position In the Central And East European Countries ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Women's position in the Central and East European countriesa cultural perspective Women's position in economics, business, society and their empowerment In recent decades, global progress has been made in empowering women in the society, but their unequal opportunities and treatment remain a problem in a number of countries and industries (Madsen and Scribner, 2017). Female empowerment has become an important part of a country's development strategy since a positive correlation can be observed between women's position in the society and the nation's development level (Duflo, 2012;Anderson, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Female empowerment and masculinity – a cultural trait? Evidence from the CEE countries

Gaweł,

Mroczek-Dąbrowska,

Bartosik-Purgat

2023

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Purpose As women’s position in the economy and society is often explained by cultural factors, this study aims to verify whether the observed changes in female empowerment in the region of Central and East European (CEE) countries of the European Union (EU) are associated with masculinity as a cultural trait. Design/methodology/approach The authors apply the k-means clustering method to group CEE countries into clusters with similar levels of female empowerment in two time points – 2013 and 2019. Next, the authors examine the clusters and cross-reference them with the national culture’s masculinity to explore the interrelations between female empowerment and cultural traits in the CEE countries and their development in time. Findings The analyses reveal that female empowerment is not uniform or stable across the CEE countries. The masculinity level is not strongly related to women’s position in these countries, and changes in female empowerment are not closely linked to masculinity. Originality/value Despite the tumultuous history of women’s empowerment in the CEE countries, the issues related to gender equality and cultural traits pertaining to the region are relatively understudied in the literature. By focusing on the CEE region, the authors fill the gap in examining the independencies between female empowerment and cultural masculinity.

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Unbundling female empowerment

Cited by 9 publications

References 138 publications

Gendered Time Use and its Heterogeneities:The Role of Region, Religion and Caste

Gendered Time Use and its Heterogeneities:The Role of Region, Religion and Caste

Female immigrant entrepreneurship – predicted by women’s empowerment in host country

Female empowerment and masculinity – a cultural trait? Evidence from the CEE countries

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