Uncertainty analysis of in-vessel retention in a high power reactor during severe accident

Main outcomes from the IVR code benchmark performed in the European IVMR project

“…It was first applied to two designs of reactors: the AP600 (Theofanous et al, 1997), later replaced by the AP1000 design (Esmaili et al, 1997), and the VVER-440 (Kymälainen et al, 1997). Today, new reactor designs have been developed including this IVR strategy and first units become progressively operational: the Korean APR-1400 design (Knudson et al, 2004;Rempe et al, 2004;Whang et al, 2017) and the Chinese HPR-1000 design (Xing, 2017). At the same time, the possibility to apply IVR strategy as back-fitting measure to existing GEN II reactors is currently under consideration.…”