Uncertainty due to primary sampling of 222Rn in analyses of water

Validation of a new sampler for radon gas measurements in surface water

“…No bias between both technicians was identified, whose achieved the same average RC of 86 Bq L −1 . These precisions are comparable to the combined uncertainties derived from the sampling and the analysis uncertainties presented by Bruggeman et al [ 10 ]. Nevertheless, is important to note that even though the precisions are acceptable, variances are significantly different.…”

The Application of a Mobile Unmanned Device for Monitoring Water and Sediment Pollution in the Port of Gdynia

“…The experimental method involves multiple repetitions of the whole measurement, allowing the uncertainty of the final measurement to be estimated. The experimental conclusions are presented based on the results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) [15,19,20,31]. Our project involved different people collecting samples from a site using different sampling techniques.…”

“…Sampling was planned following the Eurachem/CITAC guide on measurement uncertainty arising from sampling: a guide to methods and approaches [19][20][21]31]. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistical technique is applied to the resulting data and has been used to estimate uncertainty and its components.…”

“…The experimental method of determining measurement uncertainty allows for a quick and relatively straightforward assessment of all sources of uncertainty associated with sample collection [16,19,20]. The application of the sampling procedure twice allows for checking the precision of sample collection and determining the variance of the entire sample collection process.…”

“…In this case (according to theory), the combined uncertainty was determined as the difference between the measurement results obtained using different techniques by different individuals. Conclusions are drawn based on variance analysis (ANOVA) [19,21].…”