Uncertainty of the long-term resuspension factor

Garger, Е. К.; Hoffman, F.O.; Thiessen, Kathleen M

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(96)00345-7

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The maximum resuspension coefficient of 10 −7 quoted by Labat-Anderson for Palomares was measured 6 mo after the accident (Iranzo et al 1994). This is consistent with measurements made 6 mo after the Chernobyl release, but measurements of resuspension coefficients immediately after the Chernobyl accident were 2 orders of magnitude higher (Garger et al 1997).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

History of Dose, Risk, and Compensation Assessments for US Veterans of the 1966 Plutonium Cleanup in Palomares, Spain

Beyea

Hippel

2019

Health Physics

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

History of Dose, Risk, and Compensation Assessments for US Veterans of the 1966 Plutonium Cleanup in Palomares, Spain

Beyea

Hippel

2019

Health Physics

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“…Finally, the model did not reproduce well the duration of the plume passage, with typically a too-rapid concentration decrease after the peak concentrations were reached. This is probably attributed to potential remobilization of the deposited radionuclides and has been also confirmed both for Chernobyl (Garger et al, 1997(Garger et al, , 1998Nicholson, 1989;Rosner and Winkler, 2001) and Fukushima (Steinhauser et al, 2015;Stohl et al, 2012;Yamauchi, 2012). It has been found that after the first passage of the plume and the atmospheric removal of the transported radionuclides, radioactivity can be resuspended by the prevailing winds causing a secondary contamination.…”

Section: Validation Of the Inversion Results Against Observationsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Inverse modeling of the Chernobyl source term using atmospheric concentration and deposition measurements

et al. 2017

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Abstract. This paper describes the results of an inverse modeling study for the determination of the source term of the radionuclides 134 Cs, 137 Cs and 131 I released after the Chernobyl accident. The accident occurred on 26 April 1986 in the Former Soviet Union and released about 10 19 Bq of radioactive materials that were transported as far away as the USA and Japan. Thereafter, several attempts to assess the magnitude of the emissions were made that were based on the knowledge of the core inventory and the levels of the spent fuel. More recently, when modeling tools were further developed, inverse modeling techniques were applied to the Chernobyl case for source term quantification. However, because radioactivity is a sensitive topic for the public and attracts a lot of attention, high-quality measurements, which are essential for inverse modeling, were not made available except for a few sparse activity concentration measurements far from the source and far from the main direction of the radioactive fallout.For the first time, we apply Bayesian inversion of the Chernobyl source term using not only activity concentrations but also deposition measurements from the most recent public data set. These observations refer to a data rescue attempt that started more than 10 years ago, with a final goal to provide available measurements to anyone interested. In regards to our inverse modeling results, emissions of 134 Cs were estimated to be 80 PBq or 30-50 % higher than what was previously published. From the released amount of 134 Cs, about 70 PBq were deposited all over Europe. Similar to 134 Cs, emissions of 137 Cs were estimated as 86 PBq, on the same order as previously reported results. Finally, 131 I emissions of 1365 PBq were found, which are about 10 % less than the prior total releases.The inversion pushes the injection heights of the three radionuclides to higher altitudes (up to about 3 km) than previously assumed (≈ 2.2 km) in order to better match both concentration and deposition observations over Europe. The results of the present inversion were confirmed using an independent Eulerian model, for which deposition patterns were also improved when using the estimated posterior releases. Although the independent model tends to underestimate deposition in countries that are not in the main direction of the plume, it reproduces country levels of deposition very efficiently. The results were also tested for robustness against different setups of the inversion through sensitivity runs. The source term data from this study are publicly available.

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“…Measurements of the resuspension of radionuclides near Chernobyl showed that the ratio of the air concentration at breathing height to the initial surface deposit (termed the ‘resuspension factor’) was approximately 10 −6 [ Garger et al , 1997] so the time‐dependence of resuspension is more likely to be due to consolidation and covering of the surface than by depletion of the supply of material [ Anspaugh et al , 1975].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the resuspension of ash deposited during the eruption of Eyjafjallajökull in spring 2010

et al. 2012

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Eyjafjallajökull, a volcano in southern Iceland, erupted explosively in April and May 2010 depositing ash over a region of more than 3000 km2 to the east and southeast of the volcano. This deposited ash has been frequently remobilized by the wind causing concern for the health of Icelanders living in the region. An investigation was carried out to determine whether it would be possible to produce forecasts of days when high airborne ash concentrations were likely to occur. Information about the spatially varying surface characteristics of the region of deposited ash is not available so in the modeling approach adopted here ash is released from the surface at a rate proportional to the cube of the excess friction velocity (local friction velocity minus a threshold) only when the friction velocity exceeds a threshold. Movement of the resuspended ash is then modeled in a Lagrangian dispersion model. Modeled ash concentrations are compared to observed concentrations from two periods; PM10 observations between 23 May and 2 July 2010 and airborne particle counts between 21 September 2010 and 16 February 2011. More than 66% of the resuspension episodes between May and July are captured by the model and the relative magnitudes of the modeled episodes in this period are in good agreement with the observations. 66% of episodes between October and February are also captured by the model although there is an increase in the false alarm rate which appears to be due to the influence of precipitation.

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Uncertainty of the long-term resuspension factor

Cited by 28 publications

References 9 publications

History of Dose, Risk, and Compensation Assessments for US Veterans of the 1966 Plutonium Cleanup in Palomares, Spain

History of Dose, Risk, and Compensation Assessments for US Veterans of the 1966 Plutonium Cleanup in Palomares, Spain

Inverse modeling of the Chernobyl source term using atmospheric concentration and deposition measurements

Modeling the resuspension of ash deposited during the eruption of Eyjafjallajökull in spring 2010

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