Unclassified sudden infant death associated with pulmonary intra-alveolar hemosiderosis and hemorrhage

Masoumi, Homeyra; Chadwick, Amy E.; Haas, Elisabeth A.; Stanley, Christina; Krous, Henry F.

doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2006.11.007

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Pulmonary haemorrhage is one of the factors associated with sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Several case reports can be found in the literature of pulmonary haemorrhages linked to SIDS 18 19. In a study by Krous et al , intrathoracic petechiae was found in 291 out of 332 cases of SIDS 19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case control study on autopsy findings in sudden unexplained nocturnal death syndrome

Gervacio-Domingo

Lim²,

Reganit

et al. 2014

Heart Asia

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Aim Sudden unexplained nocturnal death syndrome (SUNDS) has been linked to the Brugada syndrome. In some places, acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis is widely held to cause it. We conducted a systematic, controlled autopsy study on Filipino SUNDS victims to rule out structural heart findings as well as acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis as causes. Methods and results A case control autopsy study was conducted comparing SUNDS victims between 18 and 50 years of age who died within 1 h of symptom onset with age-and gender-matched controls. There were 24 SUNDS (mean age 34.5 years) and 24 controls (mean 32.7 years). The autopsy incidence of structural heart disease was 8.3% (95% CI (1% to 27%)) and focal pancreatic haemorrhage was 4.17% (95% CI (0.1% to 20%)) but zero for true acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis among SUNDS victims. Autopsy findings in SUNDS versus controls were not significantly different from each other, showing no diagnostic abnormality in any of the organs. There was no significant difference in the incidence of acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis in both the SUNDS and control groups. We did not find fetal dispersion of the atrioventricular (AV) node, sclerosis or fibrosis of the AV conduction system, in a substudy of SUNDS cases. Conclusions We have shown that there is no significant difference in the overall autopsy findings between SUNDS and controls. Autopsy findings were normal in 70% of SUNDS; no cardiac structural pathology was found in 87% of cases. Haemorrhagic pancreatitis is the cause of death in a minority of SUNDS. The cardiac conduction system is normal in a subgroup of SUNDS studied.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case control study on autopsy findings in sudden unexplained nocturnal death syndrome

Gervacio-Domingo

Lim²,

Reganit

et al. 2014

Heart Asia

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“…There were no differences in alveolar HLM counts between the two groups, although SIDS showed a wider range of counts. Interestingly, the highest HLM count (1732) was found in an otherwise non-suspicious SIDS death [22]; comparatively, the HLM counts for the two inflicted asphyxial deaths were 10 and 117. Both groups had a history of previous ALTE in around 6% of infants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In fact, the reported prevalence of alveolar HLMs is slightly higher than in our study, ranging from 5% [8] and 6% [19], through to 12% [15] and 19% [17], although such differences may well be explained by varying methods of detection and grading of the severity of alveolar HLMs required for inclusion in individual studies. Nevertheless, although caution is advised when interpreting the significance of alveolar HLMs in unexplained and otherwise non-suspicious SUDI, most would agree that a diagnosis of SIDS, as currently defined [13], would be inappropriate in infants with unexplained large numbers of alveolar HLMs [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The frequency and significance of alveolar haemosiderin-laden macrophages in sudden infant death

Weber

Ashworth

Risdon

et al. 2009

Forensic Science International

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“…In November 2007, Masoumi et al [ 29 ] described the case of a 9-month-old female infant deceased from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The baby was healthy and no other comorbidities were present.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Idiopathic Pulmonary Hemorrhage in Infancy: A Case Report and Literature Review

et al. 2023

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Acute idiopathic pulmonary hemorrhage in infants (AIPHI) is a rare and quite low-described entity. Nowadays, pathophysiological mechanisms are poorly understood, although the lethality remains high. We present an autopsy case report of a 2-day-old male who developed respiratory distress and blood leakage from the endotracheal tube (ET) and suddenly died because of acute pulmonary hemorrhage. A postmortem examination and histological analysis were performed and are reported in this paper. Alveolar spaces were filled with red blood cells and hyaline membranes in all the examined samples. The absence of other findings led us to select a post-mortem diagnosis of AIPHI. To support our diagnosis, we conducted a systematic review of the updated scientific literature and found that only 61 cases have been reported. Most of them presented acute respiratory distress and bleeding from the upper airways with blood leakage from ET (9.83%), hemoptysis (52.45%), epistaxis (8.2%), and hematemesis (3.27%). The autopsy data revealed hemorrhages of the lower airways and hemosiderin-laden macrophages. The data from the scientific publications and our findings are essential to achieving a correct diagnosis. On these bases, we suggest autoptic criteria to achieve a post-mortem diagnosis of AIPHI.

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Unclassified sudden infant death associated with pulmonary intra-alveolar hemosiderosis and hemorrhage

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

A case control study on autopsy findings in sudden unexplained nocturnal death syndrome

A case control study on autopsy findings in sudden unexplained nocturnal death syndrome

The frequency and significance of alveolar haemosiderin-laden macrophages in sudden infant death

Idiopathic Pulmonary Hemorrhage in Infancy: A Case Report and Literature Review

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