Uncoiling mechanism of Klebsiella pneumoniae type 3 pili measured by using optical tweezers

Abstract

Pili are bacterial appendages that play many important roles in bacterial behaviors, physiology and interaction with hosts. Via pili, bacteria are able to adhere to, migrate onto, and colonize on host cells, mechanically. Different from the most studied type 1 and P type pili, which are rigid and thick with an average of 6~7 nm in diameter, type 3 pili are relatively tiny (3-5 nm in diameter) and flexible, and their biophysical properties remains unclear. By using optical tweezers, we found that the elongation processes of type 3 pili are divided into three phases: (1) elastic elongation, (2) uncoiling elongation, and (3) intrinsic elongation, separately. Besides, the uncoiling force of the recombinant pili displayed on the surface of E. coli [pmrkABCD V1 F] is measured 20 pN in average stronger than that of E. coli [pmrkABCD V1 ]. This suggests that pilin MrkF is involved in determining the mechanical properties of the type 3 pili.

Structural and Mechanical Properties of Klebsiella pneumoniae Type 3 Fimbriae

“…The OT setup used in this study has been described elsewhere (10,11) and is schematically shown in Fig. 2A.…”