Uncommon content in groin hernia sac

Abstract

Groin hernia may have very unusual sac content. Vermiform appendix, acute appendicitis, ovary, fallopian tube and urinary bladder have been rarely reported. We aimed to present our experience with these unusual hernia contents. Records of 1,950 groin hernia patients were retrospectively analyzed. Vermiform appendix was found in 0.51% and acute appendicitis was found in 0.10% of groin hernia sacs. The incidence of appendix in femoral hernia was 5%, while inguinal hernia sac contained ovary and fallopian tube in 2.9% of the cases. The incidence of groin hernias containing urinary bladder was 0.36%. We also had 1 patient with incarcerated bladder diverticula in an indirect hernia sac. Iatrogenic bladder injury occurred in 2 patients. Although rare, a groin hernia sac may contain vermiform appendix and exceptionally acute appendicitis. Tubal and ovarian herniation in inguinal hernias can be found in adult and perimenopausal women with an incidence as high as in children. Urinary bladder hernia occurs with a similar incidence of tuba-ovarian hernia, however, it requires special attention because of a high risk of iatrogenic bladder injury during the inguinal dissection. Every effort should be made to preserve the organ found in hernia sac for an uneventful postoperative period.

Sigmoid colon as a content of congenital inguinal hernia: A rare presentation

“…2 Various intra-abdominal organs have been described as content of the hernia sac; the rare ones include appendix, 3 ovaries, fallopian tubes and urinary bladder. 4 Sigmoid colon as a content of inguinal hernia in the pediatric population has hitherto been reported in only one patient in literature wherein a loop of sigmoid colon loaded with feces was present as the content of left-sided inguinal hernia in a 1-year-old child. 5 This child had presented in emergency with features of obstruction.…”

A case of appendicocele

“…Pain is often described as crampy, achy or burning with tenderness to palpation over the inguinal region [4]. Plain radiographs are of little help unlike ultrasound or CT scans that assist in the diagnosis [3]. In one report studying appendicoceles in adults, this rare condition was more common in men than women with a median age of 42 years [3].…”

“…Plain radiographs are of little help unlike ultrasound or CT scans that assist in the diagnosis [3]. In one report studying appendicoceles in adults, this rare condition was more common in men than women with a median age of 42 years [3]. The treatment of choice for appendicocele is appendectomy through a herniotomy incision followed by herniorraphy [4].…”

“…The treatment of choice for appendicocele is appendectomy through a herniotomy incision followed by herniorraphy [4]. The use of prosthetic material is not advised with evidence of inflammation [3].…”

“…The treatment of choice for appendicocele is appendectomy through a herniotomy incision followed by herniorraphy [4]. The use of prosthetic material is not advised with evidence of inflammation [3].Our patient, within 4 h of diagnosis, was treated preoperatively with intravenous antibiotics followed by open appendectomy and inguinal hernia repair, without the use of prosthetic material. …”