“Uncorking” of liposomes by matrix metalloproteinase-9

Abstract

A triggered release methodology of liposomal contents via the enzyme MMP-9 is described.

Enzyme-triggered compound release using functionalized antimicrobial peptide derivatives

“…In DEPT, exogenous enzymes are delivered by various means such as antibodies, gene delivery, and viruses. Despite the increasing importance of such enzyme activity-based therapeutics, liposomes with enzyme reaction-based release triggers have not been well studied, and only a few enzymes such as phospholipases 11 and matrix metalloproteinases 12 have been reported as targets, and even these strategies are far from being ready for practical application. Most of the reported studies on stimulus-triggered release from liposomes are based on the conversion of lipids that cause the destabilization of membrane bilayers.…”

An indicator-guided photo-controlled drug delivery system based on mesoporous silica/gold nanocomposites

“…Therefore, the specific overexpression of MMPs can be exploited as an excellent biomarker of tumor progression. Based on the specificity of tumor tissue, previous studies have focused on using MMP-sensitive substrates for tumor-specific drug release [42][43][44], diagnosing [45,46], and biosensing [47][48][49][50]. For instance, Lee et al [51] developed a MMP fluorescence imaging probe for in vivo drug screening and protease activity detection.…”

Protease-Activated Delivery and Imaging Systems

“…39.2) (Pak et al 1998(Pak et al , 1999Kondo et al 2004, Terada et al 2006, or (b) become substantially destabilized upon proteolysis, resulting in drug release extracellularly (Fig. 39.3) (Hu et al 1986, Sarkar et al 2005. Examples of both mechanisms are described below.…”

“…39.3) and release of calcein (Hu et al 1986). This approach was more recently examined for an MMP-9-mediated liposomal system (Sarkar et al 2005). An MMP cleavage site sequence from type I collagen was prepared as a triple-helical ''peptide-amphiphile'' (Yu et al 1996(Yu et al , 1998(Yu et al , 1999, where stearic acid (octadecanoic acid, designated C 18 ) was acylated to the Nterminus of Gly-Pro-Gln-Gly$Ile-Ala-Gly-Gln-Arg-(Gly-Pro-Hyp) 4 -Gly-Gly (LP1).…”

“…An MMP cleavage site sequence from type I collagen was prepared as a triple-helical ''peptide-amphiphile'' (Yu et al 1996(Yu et al , 1998(Yu et al , 1999, where stearic acid (octadecanoic acid, designated C 18 ) was acylated to the Nterminus of Gly-Pro-Gln-Gly$Ile-Ala-Gly-Gln-Arg-(Gly-Pro-Hyp) 4 -Gly-Gly (LP1). LP1 was then used to form liposomes with 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC) at a ratio of 1:9 (mol%) (Sarkar et al 2005). This liposome construct was ''uncorked'' by MMP-9, resulting in release of the liposomal contents.…”