Uncovering the needs and wants of end-users towards green apps: A Living Lab approach

Abstract

Abstract-One of the biggest societal challenges is to reduce the impact on the environment [1]. During the last years a lot of digital tools and green apps have been developed in order to help individuals to lower their ecological footprint. These green applications can make use of the specific functionalities of smartphones such as mobility, smartness and connectedness in order to provide better and more personalized services [2-3]. However these applications mostly focus on one aspect of sustainability, such as transportation or electricity consumption. Moreover user research concerning the users' needs and wants towards these applications is lacking or is limited to only one research step such as testing a prototype version [3]. One approach in which end-users are involved intensively is the Living Lab approach. Therefore within this paper we will explore the role of Living Labs as an innovation intermediary in the research into green apps and more specific on the needs and wants of end-users concerning green apps. Therefore we conducted a single case study research of a Living Lab project in which the ecological footprint of end-users is being measured based on their transportation, housing as well as consumption. We argue that the Living Lab approach adds added value for conducting research on green apps because the user plays a central role within this research which makes it possible to adapt the service to the needs and wants of end-users through an iterative approach. Which is important seen the need of personalized green apps. Next to this the role of Living Labs as intermediary also assisted into the development of the green app.

Environmental citizenship behavior and sustainability apps: an empirical investigation

“…In their study, Brauer et al (2016) highlighted that sustainability apps could be implemented with one or more of the following functions: educate, gamify, informate, transformate and collaborate. According to Georges et al (2015), the main persuasive techniques used by app developers to help people to live more sustainably are eco-feedback, reminder, reward, self-monitoring tool, suggestion and trigger. Several studies (Douglas and Brauer, 2021; Johnson et al , 2017; Mulcahy et al , 2020) also suggest that gamification helps creating a condition favorable for the pro-environmental education of the individual.…”

Moving toward Generalizability? A Scoping Review on Measuring the Impact of Living Labs

“…As such, our review shows that qualitative research methods are most commonly used for evaluating LLs (Figure 9). Some noteworthy studies which detail their qualitative methods used in LL assessment are Callari et al [29], Cech & Wagner [30], and Georges et al [31]. Within those qualitative methods used, participatory design but also workshops and open-ended qualitative interviews are the most common methods deployed (Figure 9).…”

“…More structured LL evaluation methods that have been applied across jurisdictions and individual studies do exist, but these were under-represented in our dataset and appear to be applied specifically to LLs that aim to design or prototype technologies (specifically ICTs). Some noteworthy studies which give a high level of detail regarding their qualitative methods used in LLs assessment are Callari et al [29], Cech and Wagner [30], and Georges et al [31]. This gap in the academic literature is consequential if LLs want to move beyond particularity to make broader claims about the value of the LL approach.…”