Under Nutrition Status and Its Determinants among Adult HIV and AIDS Clients Enrolled on Antiretroviral Therapy at Nigest Elleni Mohammed Memorial Hospital, Southern Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: HIV/AIDS and malnutrition effects are interrelated and exacerbate one another in a vicious cycle. HIV specifically affects nutritional status by increasing energy requirements, reducing food intake and adversely affecting nutrient absorption and metabolism. In spite of the number of People Living with HIV ever enrolled on ART increases significantly in Ethiopia. Nutritional care and other supports which help for the success of treatment received insufficient attention. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of undernutrition status and its determinants among adult HIV/AIDS Clients enrolled on ART at Nigest Elleni Mohammed Memorial Hospital in Hosanna Town, Southern Ethiopia.Method: Institution based cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted using systematic random sampling technique with sample size of 234. From each sampled patient, interview and anthropometric data were collected. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used and the variables which had significant association were identified on the basis of p-value ≤ 0.05 and AOR, with 95% CI.Results: Among adult HIV/AIDS Clients in rolled in ART, 32.5% of them were under nourished (BMI<18.5 Kg/m 2 ). ART patients had no nutritional supports (AOR=2.22), patients who feed less than 3times in a day (AOR=3.29) and had smoking habit (AOR=6.06) were more likely to be under nourished and those patients in WHO Clinical stage 3 (AOR=0.12) were less likely to be under nourished. Conclusion:This study revealed that under nutrition among adult HIV/AIDS Clients in rolled in ART was high prevalent problem in the study area. WHO clinical stage, daily food intake, nutritional support, smoking status was identified as the determinants of under nutrition. Current study identified that there is a need to design and implement nutritional interventions including nutritional support in items or financially together with healthy habit counselling as part of integrated ART service for effective patient treatment outcome.

Reducing Undernutrition through Counseling on Diversified Food Intake among Adult People Living with HIV on HAART, Northern Ethiopia

“…Also, this study indicated that people living with HIV on ART who did not receive nutritional counseling were associated with undernutrition. is is similar to studies from Ethiopia [40], India [41], and Honduras [42], in which nutritional counseling improves dietary feeding practices.…”

Prevalence and Determinants of Undernutrition among People Living With HIV at Ngarama Hospital, Rwanda

“…[32] The study also found that that PLWHA who did not receive dietary counseling were likely to be malnourished. This is consistent with a study done in India [33]; in Honduras [34] and in Ethiopia [18,35] which indicated that those PLWHA on ARV who received nutritional counseling had lower undernutrition due to improved dietary feeding practices. This can be explained that those who attended dietary counselling during care visits acquired more knowledge on nutritious food such as adequate amount, quality and diversity.…”

“…Based on several studies, the determinants of undernutrition are socio-economic status, level of education, unemployment, age, sex, marital status, CD4 count, depression, alcohol consumption, smoking tobacco, substance use, previous opportunistic infections, gastrointestinal symptoms, HIV/AIDS stage, medication adherence, duration of treatment, food insecurity, poor dietary diversity, family or social support. [7,8,11,[15][16][17][18] The high undernutrition rate and HIV/ AIDS are among the main public health concerns especially on the health systems of SSA, despite considerable control made in the last decade. Complication due to undernutrition among PLWHA is a major challenge of the HIV control efforts in low and middle-income countries.…”

Nutritional outcomes of therapeutic feeding program and its predictors among undernourished adult HIV positive patients at healthcare facilities of West Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia: A retrospective cohort study

“…This crisis has had a negative impact on social health and well-being, adult productivity, and adult survival. The HIV pandemic alarmingly elevated morbidity and mortality rates, which synergize when combined with malnutrition [ 1 , 2 ].…”