Undercooling of pure metals in a containerless, microgravity environment

Hofmeister, William; Robinson, Michael B.; Bayuzick, R. J.

doi:10.1063/1.97372

Cited by 65 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Together with literature values, 7,8) the obtained ÁT was summarized in Table 1. The typical examples of cooling curve for liquid Ni-Nb system are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 1 shows that the largest values of supercooling over the literatures 7,8) had been This validity of ESL for the supercooling experiments of liquid metals with high T m encourages us to discuss with conviction the experimental resuls of the supercooling for liquid Ni-Nb system. As can be seen in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The containerless technique is also expected to remove the heterogeneous nucleation sites in addition to the applicability to liquid metals with high T m . The study of supercooling for liquid metals with high T m (Ti, Zr, Mo, Rh, Hf, Ta, and Pt, 7) W, and Re 8) ) was performed during the free fall in the drop tube of high vacuum. 7,8) This method has two advantages, containerless technique and microgravity condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study of supercooling for liquid metals with high T m (Ti, Zr, Mo, Rh, Hf, Ta, and Pt, 7) W, and Re 8) ) was performed during the free fall in the drop tube of high vacuum. 7,8) This method has two advantages, containerless technique and microgravity condition. The former may eliminate the heterogeneous nucleation sites and the latter may lead to the absence of collision among embryos each others due to no convection in liquids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Supercooling of Homogeneous Liquid Phase of Liquid Metals and Alloys —Poor Supercooling around the Eutectic Composition of Liquid Ni-Nb System—

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To study the supercooling of many liquid metals with high melting temperatures, the investigation was performed for the cooling curves of electrostatic levitation (ESL) experiments, which had been originally obtained for the measurements of many physical properties. The largest supercooling over the literature values was found for liquid Ru (428 K), Ta (721 K), W (601 K), and Ir (438 K), where temperatures in the parentheses mean the supercooling of respective liquid metals. This indicates the validity of ESL for the supercooling experiments of liquid metals and alloys because of being rather free from the heterogeneous nucleation. This ESL was applied to the study of supercooling of homogeneous liquid phase in the composition range from 29 at% Nb to 71 at% Nb of eutectic Ni-Nb system, whose eutectic point is present at 40.5 at% Nb and 1448 K. The experimental result shows a poor supercooling tendency of homogeneous liquid phase around the eutectic composition in spite of large supercooling far apart from this eutectic composition. This characteristic feature was discussed based on the classical nucleation theory coupled with the knowledge recently found, the existence of concentration fluctuations in the homogeneous liquid phase near the eutectic point.

show abstract

“…Together with literature values, 7,8) the obtained ÁT was summarized in Table 1. The typical examples of cooling curve for liquid Ni-Nb system are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Supercooling of Homogeneous Liquid Phase of Liquid Metals and Alloys —Poor Supercooling around the Eutectic Composition of Liquid Ni-Nb System—

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…to be effectively inhibit the occurrence of heterogeneous nucleation in the melt. 6) Currently, the experimental methods of obtaining the large undercooling include emulsification, 7) electromagnetic levitation, 8) microgravity, 9) drop tube, 10) molten glass fluxing, 11) superheating cycling 12) and combined above methods. Among them, the simple and effective one is glass fluxing combined with superheating cycling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Denucleating Techniques on Undercooling of Co<SUB>2</SUB>NiGa Alloys

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2010

Mater. Trans.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

By using the method of glass fluxing combined with superheating-cooling cycling, the undercooling behaviour of Co 2 NiGa alloy melts was investigated. The obtained degree of undercooling is very different with differently used glass due to different denucleating mechanisms. The denucleating agent composed by 70% Na 2 B 4 O 7 + 30% NaSiCa showing a moderate viscosity and good physicochemical purification ability was optimized to be an ideal denucleating agent. By using this kind of denucleating agent, a large (> 200 K) and stable undercooling can be obtained in Co 2 NiGa melts after superheating over 200 K for 1.5 min. The effects of the superheating and holding time on undercooling have been discussed.

show abstract

Stabilization of Undercooled Metals via Passivating Oxide Layers

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Undercooling metals relies on frustration of liquid–solid transition mainly by an increase in activation energy. Passivating oxide layers are a way to isolate the core from heterogenous nucleants (physical barrier) while also raising the activation energy (thermodynamic/kinetic barrier) needed for solidification. The latter is due to composition gradients (speciation) that establishes a sharp chemical potential gradient across the thin (0.7–5 nm) oxide shell, slowing homogeneous nucleation. When this speciation is properly tuned, the oxide layer presents a previously unaccounted for interfacial tension in the overall energy landscape of the relaxing material. We demonstrate that 1) the integrity of the passivation oxide is critical in stabilizing undercooled particle, a key tenet in developing heat‐free solders, 2) inductive effects play a critical role in undercooling, and 3) the magnitude of the influence of the passivating oxide can be larger than size effects in undercooling.

show abstract

Undercooling of pure metals in a containerless, microgravity environment

Cited by 65 publications

References 9 publications

Supercooling of Homogeneous Liquid Phase of Liquid Metals and Alloys —Poor Supercooling around the Eutectic Composition of Liquid Ni-Nb System—

Supercooling of Homogeneous Liquid Phase of Liquid Metals and Alloys —Poor Supercooling around the Eutectic Composition of Liquid Ni-Nb System—

Effect of Denucleating Techniques on Undercooling of Co<SUB>2</SUB>NiGa Alloys

Stabilization of Undercooled Metals via Passivating Oxide Layers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Undercooling of pure metals in a containerless, microgravity environment

Cited by 65 publications

References 9 publications

Supercooling of Homogeneous Liquid Phase of Liquid Metals and Alloys &mdash;Poor Supercooling around the Eutectic Composition of Liquid Ni-Nb System&mdash;

Supercooling of Homogeneous Liquid Phase of Liquid Metals and Alloys &mdash;Poor Supercooling around the Eutectic Composition of Liquid Ni-Nb System&mdash;

Effect of Denucleating Techniques on Undercooling of Co<SUB>2</SUB>NiGa Alloys

Stabilization of Undercooled Metals via Passivating Oxide Layers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Supercooling of Homogeneous Liquid Phase of Liquid Metals and Alloys —Poor Supercooling around the Eutectic Composition of Liquid Ni-Nb System—

Supercooling of Homogeneous Liquid Phase of Liquid Metals and Alloys —Poor Supercooling around the Eutectic Composition of Liquid Ni-Nb System—