Underground production of radionuclides in the Milk River aquifer, Alberta, Canada

Andrews, John N.; Florkowski, T.; Lehmann, B.; Loosli, H.H.

doi:10.1016/0883-2927(91)90042-n

Cited by 47 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…BSE, CC and DM represent bulk silicate earth, continental crust, and depleted mantle. Values for Sandstone and Granite are those of Milk River Sandstone (Andrews et al, 1991) and typical Granite (Lehmann and Purtschert, 1997) …”

Section: Ar= 40 Ar ã Ratios In Rock Reservoirsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For given Ar-closure ages, chemical compositions and production rates of 39 Ar (Andrews et al, 1989(Andrews et al, , 1991Lehmann et al, 1993), we calculated the closed system estimates of 39 Ar= 40 Ar Ã of the reservoir rocks (Milk River Sandstone and Stripa Granite) to be 193 and 155 Ra, respectively. Because of the two orders of magnitude difference in their ages, these two reservoir rocks have rather similar closed system 39 Ar= 40 Ar Ã ratios despite their different 39 Ar production rates.…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of crustal fluid residence times using nucleogenic 39Ar

Yokochi

Sturchio

Purtschert

2012

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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Section: Ar= 40 Ar ã Ratios In Rock Reservoirsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of crustal fluid residence times using nucleogenic 39Ar

Yokochi

Sturchio

Purtschert

2012

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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“…Similar calculations were previously performed by Fabryka-Martin (1988); Andrews et al (1989Andrews et al ( , 1991; Lehmann et al (1993); Lehmann and Purtschert (1997). Mei et al (2010) calculated rates of 39 Ar production for one representative granitic rock composition.…”

Section: Comparison To Previous Resultsmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Elemental abundances not provided in a particular compositional estimate entered as n/a. 39 Ar production rate 39 P and rock density of 2.6 g/cm 3 for both Milk River Sandstone (Andrews et al, 1991) and Stripa Granite (Andrews et al, 1989 Probability of (α,n) reaction 4 5 6 7 8 9…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using a rock composition of 2.4 ppm U, 6.3 ppm Th, 1.07 % K, and 3.91 % Ca (Andrews et al, 1991) we calculate a 39 Ar production rate of 9.45 atoms/kg/yr or, using a rock density of 2.6 g/cm 3 (Andrews et al, 1991), 0.023 atoms/cm 3 /yr. For Stripa Granite, Yokochi et al (2012) use 39 Ar production rate of 1.3 atoms/cm 3 /yr.…”

Section: Implications For Groundwater Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subterranean production of neutrons, 39Ar and 21Ne: Rates and uncertainties

Šrámek

Stevens

McDonough

et al. 2017

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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Accurate understanding of the subsurface production rate of the radionuclide 39 Ar is necessary for argon dating techniques and noble gas geochemistry of the shallow and the deep Earth, and is also of interest to the WIMP dark matter experimental particle physics community. Our new calculations of subsurface production of neutrons, 21 Ne, and 39 Ar take advantage of the state-of-the-art reliable tools of nuclear physics to obtain reaction cross sections and spectra (TALYS) and to evaluate neutron propagation in rock (MCNP6). We discuss our method and results in relation to previous studies and show the relative importance of various neutron, 21 Ne, and 39 Ar nucleogenic production channels. Uncertainty in nuclear reaction cross sections, which is the major contributor to overall calculation uncertainty, is estimated from variability in existing experimental and library data. Depending on selected rock composition, on the order of 10 7 -10 10 α particles are produced in one kilogram of rock per year (order of 1-10 3 kg −1 s −1 ); the number of produced neutrons is lower by ∼ 6 orders of magnitude, 21 Ne production rate drops by an additional factor of 15-20, and another one order of magnitude or more is dropped in production of 39 Ar. Our calculation yields a nucleogenic 21 Ne/ 4 He production ratio of (4.6 ± 0.6) × 10 −8 in Continental Crust and (4.2 ± 0.5) × 10 −8 in Oceanic Crust and Depleted Mantle. Calculated 39 Ar production rates span a great range from 29 ± 9 atoms kg-rock −1 yr −1 in the K-Th-U-enriched Upper Continental Crust to (2.6±0.8)×10 −4 atoms kg-rock −1 yr −1 in Depleted Upper Mantle. Nucleogenic 39 Ar production exceeds the cosmogenic production below ∼ 700 meters depth and thus, affects radiometric ages of groundwater. The 39 Ar chronometer, which fills in a gap between 3 H and 14 C, is particularly important given the need to tap deep reservoirs of ancient drinking water.

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Groundwater dating with Atom Trap Trace Analysis of³⁹Ar

Ritterbusch

Ebser

Welte

et al. 2014

Geophysical Research Letters

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We report on the realization of Atom Trap Trace Analysis for39Ar and its first application to dating of groundwater samples. The presented system achieves an atmospheric39Ar count rate as high as 3.58 ± 0.10 atoms/h allowing for the determination of the39Ar concentration in less than a day. We demonstrate that the measured count rates are proportional to the39Ar concentration by intercomparison with Low‐Level Counting results and by measurements on prepared argon samples with defined concentration. For a geophysical application, we degas three different groundwater samples and gas chromatographically extract the argon. The39Ar ages inferred from the count rates extend over the accessible dating range and are in agreement with the Low‐Level Counting results as well as with complementary isotope data.

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Underground production of radionuclides in the Milk River aquifer, Alberta, Canada

Cited by 47 publications

References 20 publications

Determination of crustal fluid residence times using nucleogenic 39Ar

Determination of crustal fluid residence times using nucleogenic 39Ar

Subterranean production of neutrons, 39Ar and 21Ne: Rates and uncertainties

Groundwater dating with Atom Trap Trace Analysis of³⁹Ar

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Underground production of radionuclides in the Milk River aquifer, Alberta, Canada

Cited by 47 publications

References 20 publications

Determination of crustal fluid residence times using nucleogenic 39Ar

Determination of crustal fluid residence times using nucleogenic 39Ar

Subterranean production of neutrons, 39Ar and 21Ne: Rates and uncertainties

Groundwater dating with Atom Trap Trace Analysis of39Ar

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Product

Resources

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Groundwater dating with Atom Trap Trace Analysis of³⁹Ar