Underlying congenital heart disease in Nigerian children with pneumonia

Sadoh, WE; Osarogiagbon, WO

doi:10.4314/ahs.v13i3.13

Cited by 24 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Similarly, a Nigerian case–control study reported a prevalence of HF of 82.2% among 73 children with congenital heart disease (90.4% of these 73 children were malnourished) compared with none among 76 children without congenital heart disease (21.1% of these 76 children were malnourished) (Table 3 ) [ 35 ]. Another prospective study, from Nigeria, reported a 64.3% prevalence of HF among 14 children with congenital heart disease and pneumonia compared with 37.4% among 107 children without congenital heart disease, but with pneumonia (Table 3 ) [ 37 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A high HF prevalence was observed when congenital heart disease co-existed with conditions such as malnutrition, pneumonia, and trisomy 21 [ 26 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 91 ]. Findings from these studies also suggest that spontaneous closure of ASDs/VSDs was less common in young children with co-existing HF than in those without HF [ 33 , 36 , 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic Literature Review on the Incidence and Prevalence of Heart Failure in Children and Adolescents

Shaddy

George

Jaecklin³

et al. 2017

Pediatr Cardiol

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While the epidemiology of adult heart failure has been extensively researched, this systematic review addresses the less well characterized incidence and prevalence of pediatric HF. The search strategy used Cochrane methodology and identified 83 unique studies for inclusion. Studies were categorized according to whether the HF diagnosis was reported as primary (n = 10); associated with other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) (n = 49); or associated with non-CVDs (n = 24). A narrative synthesis of the evidence is presented. For primary HF, the incidence ranged from 0.87/100,000 (UK and Ireland) to 7.4/100,000 (Taiwan). A prevalence of 83.3/100,000 was reported in one large population-based study from Spain. HF etiology varied across regions with lower respiratory tract infections and severe anemia predominating in lower income countries, and cardiomyopathies and congenital heart disease major causes in higher income countries. Key findings for the other categories included a prevalence of HF associated with cardiomyopathies ranging from 36.1% (Japan) to 79% (US); associated with congenital heart disease from 8% (Norway) to 82.2% (Nigeria); associated with rheumatic heart diseases from 1.5% (Turkey) to 74% (Zimbabwe); associated with renal disorders from 3.8% (India) to 24.1% (Nigeria); and associated with HIV from 1% (US) to 29.3% (Brazil). To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review of the topic and strengthens current knowledge of pediatric HF epidemiology. Although a large body of research was identified, heterogeneity in study design and diagnostic criteria limited the ability to compare regional data. Standardized definitions of pediatric HF are required to facilitate cross-regional comparisons of epidemiological data.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s00246-017-1787-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Literature Review on the Incidence and Prevalence of Heart Failure in Children and Adolescents

Shaddy

George

Jaecklin³

et al. 2017

Pediatr Cardiol

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“…The mechanism by which recurrent chest infections cause heart failure has been postulated by Sadoh. It was suggested that, with pulmonary overcirculation and pulmonary edema associated with large left to right shunting of blood, pulmonary congestion ultimately becomes a focus of infection in the lower respiratory tract [26]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Heart Failure, Lagging, and Sagging of Care in Low Income Settings: A Hospital Based Review of Cases in Ethiopia

Gebremariam

Moges

2016

Cardiology Research and Practice

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Introduction. Causes of acute heart failure in children range from simple myocarditis complicating chest infection to complex structural heart diseases. Objective. To describe patterns, predictors of mortality, and management outcomes of acute heart failure in children. Methods. In retrospective review, between February 2012 and October 2015 at a tertiary center, 106 admitted cases were selected consecutively from discharge records. Data were extracted from patients chart and analyzed using SPSS software package. t-test and statistical significance at P value < 0.05 with 95% CI were used. Result. Acute heart failure accounted for 2.9% of the total pediatric admissions. The age ranged from 2 months up to 14 years with mean age of 8 years. Male to female ratio is 1 : 2.1. Rheumatic heart disease accounted for 53.7%; pneumonia, anemia, infective endocarditis, and recurrence of acute rheumatic fever were the main precipitating causes. Death occurred in 19% of cases. Younger age at presentation, low hemoglobin concentration, and undernutrition were associated with death with P value of 0.00, 0.01, and 0.02, respectively. Conclusions and Recommendation. Pediatric heart failure in our settings is diagnosed mainly in older age groups and mostly precipitated due to preventable causes. Significant mortality is observed in relation to factors that can be preventable in children with underlying structural heart disease. Early suspicion and diagnosis of cases may reduce the observed high mortality.

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“…Co-existence between cardiac failure and pneumonia was described by Sado indicating that excess pulmonary congestion in heart failure, acting as a nidus of infection leading to lower respiratory tract infection ( 7 ). The association between vitamin D deficiency and increased risk of lower respiratory tract infection has also been described in children ( 8 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Maternal vitamin D deficiency: a culprit for hypocalcaemia induced myocardial failure in a four-month old infant: a case report from Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia

Moges

Shiferaw

Heye

2017

Ethiop J Health Sci

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BACKGROUND: A rare but reversible cause of dilated cardiomyopathy occurs in infants born to vitamin D deficient mothers due to hypocalcaemia. CASE REPORT: We report a case of dilated cardiomyopathy due to hypocalcaemia secondary to maternal vitamin D deficiency in an infant presented with seizure disorder and heart failure. This was a four-month old female infant with respiratory distress and acute heart failure. The cause of her cardiac failure was dilated cardiomyopathy. Concomitant community acquired pneumonia was diagnosed on chest X ray. Despite treatment, the infant's clinical condition worsened. The mother was found to be housebound, dark skinned and veiled while going outside of home. Laboratory studies revealed hypomagnesaemia and hypocalcaemia. The vitamin D levels of both the infant and the mother were found to be low. The infant was treated for the deficiency state until her cardiac condition fully recovered. CONCLUSION: This case report demonstrated the direct relationship between maternal vitamin D deficiency and the infant's acute heart failure. It also highlighted the importance of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy in order to prevent the cardiac complication of maternal vitamin D deficiency in the infants.

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Underlying congenital heart disease in Nigerian children with pneumonia

Cited by 24 publications

References 12 publications

Systematic Literature Review on the Incidence and Prevalence of Heart Failure in Children and Adolescents

Systematic Literature Review on the Incidence and Prevalence of Heart Failure in Children and Adolescents

Pediatric Heart Failure, Lagging, and Sagging of Care in Low Income Settings: A Hospital Based Review of Cases in Ethiopia

Maternal vitamin D deficiency: a culprit for hypocalcaemia induced myocardial failure in a four-month old infant: a case report from Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia

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