Underlying problems of ship recycling industries in Bangladesh and way forward

Zakaria, N. M. Golam; Ali, Mir Tareque; Hossain, Kh. Akhter

doi:10.3329/jname.v9i2.10515

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Ship breaking industries of Bangladesh are mainly located near the Sitakunda coastal strip of northwest Chittagong, and recently, it has become one of the most aspiring and rapidly developing industries because of having a great deal of importance of scrap iron and steel for coping with local demand. The geographical location and low labor costs are probably the main responsible factors for ranking the ship breaking industries of Bangladesh as the second largest ship breaking yard in the world following Alang, India [6]. Currently, more than 100 registered ship recycling yards and about 20 industries linked to this ship breaking are working in Sitakunda area along with approximately 40,000 industrial workers [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The geographical location and low labor costs are probably the main responsible factors for ranking the ship breaking industries of Bangladesh as the second largest ship breaking yard in the world following Alang, India [6]. Currently, more than 100 registered ship recycling yards and about 20 industries linked to this ship breaking are working in Sitakunda area along with approximately 40,000 industrial workers [6]. However, the process is controversial and poses human health risks, safety as well as the environmental problems [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accumulation and distribution of heavy metals in soil and food crops around the ship breaking area in southern Bangladesh and associated health risk assessment

et al. 2020

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Heavy metal pollution in agricultural soils and food crops around the ship breaking area is of great environmental and human health concern. In this work, we have spectroscopically determined the concentrations of Cd, Pb, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cr, Cu, and Ni in agricultural soils and commonly consumed vegetables, fruits, and rice grain collected from the Sitakunda ship breaking area of Chittagong, Bangladesh, in order to evaluate their contamination levels and probable human health risk with a multivariate statistical approach. Multivariate analyses such as principal component analysis and cluster analysis of the analytical data indicate a significant metal contamination in the samples which could be attributed to industrial activities such as ship breaking. The results of soil contamination evaluation indices such as enrichment factor, geo-accumulation index, and contamination factor demonstrated that the soils around the ship breaking area are mainly contaminated by Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu while food crops were mostly contaminated by Zn, Cr, and Cu. The Pb contaminated the olive and teasle gourd while Cd contamination in rice grain was at the threshold limit for health hazard. Mn was slightly accumulated in banana. Transfer coefficient values of Cd, Zn, and Cu for almost all food crops were higher than other metals, and Cd showed the highest transfer. Estimated daily intake values for Ni exceeded the standard limit (1.3 μg kg −1 day −1). Target hazard quotient values of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd indicate that the local inhabitants who consume the contaminated food crops are being exposed to potential health risks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation and distribution of heavy metals in soil and food crops around the ship breaking area in southern Bangladesh and associated health risk assessment

et al. 2020

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“…[9] Quantifying impacts Water level using TOPSIS methodology and quality and weighting value objective and combined with sets of subjective values. [10] SCR is estimated using the Fuzzy TOPSIS technique. A general TOPSIS method of SCR estimation is ambiguity or inaccuracy of estimation to overcome this limit Linguistic Limitation in Handling, Fuzzy-TOPSIS Method followed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus the vessel is fully recycled an important part of resource recycling if carried out meets the sustainability requirement. [10] The first part of the paper is primarily the global steel industry Production trends, scrap consumption, and recycling rates and focuses on environmental resource stocks pays and CO2 in different recycling scenarios of different models used to predict emissions includes a review. [11] Electronics to invest in proper recycling facilities Promoting manufacturers is a promising Practice suggests that the approach would be.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporating Economies of Scale into Facility Location Problems in Carpet Recycling Using TOPSIS Methods

2017

JEMM

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The biggest limitation of Recycle means recycling all materials can't, so go through the process each time A certain number of times due to distortion Only materials can be recycled. This degradation is also referred to as down cycling. Why recycle? Doesn't Work in America Many recyclables are in the wrong bin when stored or soiled food containers they become contaminated when they end up in the recycling bin. Contamination can prevent large volumes from being recycled. Some facilities cannot process other materials. Recycling mixed material products is difficult because the materials must be separated for effective processing and reuse. Often, the Different types of plastics for body and cap Use water bottles recycle one Doable and the other unused Products such as goods are overlooked by consumers mixing materials. Sorting is expensive; Careful sorting and cleaning of plastics containing food scraps, labels and other debris is even more costly to obtain the quality of plastic required for recycling into pellets. As the price of recycled plastic products falls, recycling is becoming a less profitable industry. This often leads to confusion and difficulty. How to recycle, what can be recycled or People don't know what to do with it. Americans It's convenient to say that you don't usually recycle Lack of access is the main reason. This is true that things that are placed in the recycling bin are not always recycled. Alternative: Supply Chain Director, Financial Advisor, Marketing & Recycling Manager. Evaluation Preference: CLSC expenses, coverage, volume flexibility. As a result, CLSC costs ranked first at the same time, volume flexibility is low has ranking. The value of the dataset The Recycling Facility Problems in TOPSIS Method (Similar for the best solution). By option order technique shows its results in CLSC costs and top ranking.

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“…et al 2008). Another study on Chittagong gave insights on multiple diseases and health hazards faced by the workers such as abdominal, urinary, muscle and skin problems and nutritional deficiency due to close proximity of toxic metal, oil and chemical contamination, excessive workload, long working hours, irregular eating, insufficient diet and unsafe drinking water (Zakaria, Ali, and Hossain et al 2012). The medical expenses arising from illnesses and deterioration of health are borne by the workers and market wages do not include these external costs.…”

Section: External Costs Of Ship Recycling On Workers' Health and Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ship recycling, market imperfections and the relevance of a consortium of ship recycling nations in the Indian subcontinent

Mathew

2021

Journal of International Maritime Safety, Environmental Affairs

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Ship recycling operation is widely considered as one of the most hazardous activities in the shipbuilding industry due to environmental pollution and health risks to workers. Stringent environmental and labour compliance standards enforced over the past few decades in developed nations have substantially increased the costs, shifting the recycling operations to nations in the Global South where these operations entail lower cost. This paper provides an overview of the ship recycling industry and highlights the consequential adverse effects on environment and human beings in the nations engaged in ship recycling and also elaborates on the guidelines proposed by international organisations to address these issues. It is argued that unless the externalities on the environment and human health are not taken into account, a sustainable model of ship recycling cannot be achieved. The paper proposes the formation of a consortium by recycling nations particularly India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, whose synergies will help to safeguard the interests of the workforce and environment in these countries. A ship recycling industry fund, under the auspices of International Maritime Organisation exclusively for meeting the cost of ship recycling, is also mooted for consideration. The availability of this fund, along with efficient policy formulations initiated by the consortium of major ship recycling nations, can play a major role in addressing the externalities and turning the recycling operation environment-and labour-friendly.

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Underlying problems of ship recycling industries in Bangladesh and way forward

Abstract: Ship-recycling

Cited by 23 publications

References 2 publications

Accumulation and distribution of heavy metals in soil and food crops around the ship breaking area in southern Bangladesh and associated health risk assessment

Accumulation and distribution of heavy metals in soil and food crops around the ship breaking area in southern Bangladesh and associated health risk assessment

Incorporating Economies of Scale into Facility Location Problems in Carpet Recycling Using TOPSIS Methods

Ship recycling, market imperfections and the relevance of a consortium of ship recycling nations in the Indian subcontinent

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