Undersea lightwave communications

Runge, P.K.; Trischitta, P.R.

doi:10.1109/jlt.1984.1073687

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…(ii) In 1838, Samuel Morse invented the telegraph. (iii) In 1858, the first submarine telegraph cable was installed between North America and Great Britain [3]. (iv) In 1870, John Tyndall, an English scientist, demonstrated the principle of total internal reflection (to be discussed in greater depth subsequently in this chapter) by launching a beam of light through a water stream as it poured out the side of a tank [4].…”

Section: Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overseas radio telephony was introduced much later in 1927 [3]. (viii) In 1956, the first voice quality transatlantic telephone submarine cable system, TAT-I, went into service.…”

Section: Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…(viii) In 1956, the first voice quality transatlantic telephone submarine cable system, TAT-I, went into service. TAT-l carried a maximum of 36 telephone conversations and was taken out of service in 1979, after exceeding its 20-year design life [3].…”

Section: Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Repeatered systems, by definition, are of long length and usually traverse deep regions of the world's oceans. These cable systems typically are engineered for a service life of 25 years and a reliability factor of less than 3 ship repairs over their lifetime [3].…”

Section: Pejacketmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Terrestrial and Underwater Optical Fiber Cables

Bartnikas

Srivastava

2009

Power and Communication Cables

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Since the function of an optical fiber is to guide high-bit-rate optical pulses over long distances, the qualities of low loss and high bandwidth (i.e., low-signal distortion) are the most important for a waveguide to possess. The term bandwidth refers to the information-carrying capacity of the optical fiber. Optical communication systems differ from radio frequency coaxial cable transmission systems only in the frequency range of the carrier wave energy. A typical optical carrier frequency is in the range of 100 THz, while a typical microwave carrier frequency is approximately 1-10 GHz [1]. This translates into an increase in information-carrying capacity of approximately 10,000 for the optical communications system. Compared to coaxial cable transmission, optical fiber communication systems carry much more data, over greater distances between repeaters, over fewer cables. This comparative reduction in transmission equipment makes optical fiber systems more reliable and less costly. Immunity to Electromagnetic Interference

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Section: Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overseas radio telephony was introduced much later in 1927 [3]. (viii) In 1956, the first voice quality transatlantic telephone submarine cable system, TAT-I, went into service.…”

Section: Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pejacketmentioning

confidence: 99%

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