Undersowing winter oilseed rape with frost-sensitive legume living mulches to improve weed control

Lorin, Mathieu; Jeuffroy, Marie‐Hélène; Butier, Arnaud; Valantin‐Morison, Muriel

doi:10.1016/j.eja.2015.09.001

Cited by 40 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In oilseed rape crops, undersowing with pea (Lathyrus oleraceus Lam. ), berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.), common vetch (Vicia sativa L.), and mixtures of these species decreased weed density in the oil seed rape by 20-75% compared to sole crop (Lorin et al 2015). Further studies also suggest that this weed regulation varies greatly with weed species.…”

Section: Evidence Of Weed Biological Control By Other Plantsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Biodiversity-based options for arable weed management. A review

Petit

Cordeau

Chauvel

et al. 2018

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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In the context of a shift towards pesticide reduction in arable farming, weed management remains a challenging issue. Integrated Weed Management currently recommends agronomic practices for weed control, but it does not integrate the use of biodiversitybased options, enhancing the biological regulation of weeds. Here, wereview existing knowledge related to three potentially beneficial interactions, of crop-weed competition, weed seed granivory, and weed interactions with pathogenic fungi. Our main finding are the following : (1) promoting cropped plant-weed competition by manipulating cropped cover could greatly contribute to weed reduction ; (2) weed seed granivory by invertebrates can significantly lower weed emergence, although this effect can be highly variable because seed predation is embedded within complex multitrophic interactions that are to date not fully understood ; (3) a wide range of fungi are pathogenic to various stages of weed development, but strain efficacy in field trials does not often match that in controlled conditions. We present a framework that superimposes biodiversity-based options for weed biocontrol on a classical Integrated Weed Management system. We then describe the current state of knowledge on interactions between agronomic practices and the organisms at play and between the different biological components of the system. We argue that further advances in our understanding of biodiversity-based options and their performance for weed biocontrol will require farm-scale experimental trials.

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Section: Evidence Of Weed Biological Control By Other Plantsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Biodiversity-based options for arable weed management. A review

Petit

Cordeau

Chauvel

et al. 2018

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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“…The potential of legume–brassica intercropping has been investigated for various purposes in Europe, Asia, and North America, reflecting the endeavours of researchers to address problems and meet the farmers’ needs specific for these different agro-environments. In France, Sweden, and Canada, the weeds in oilseed rape are tackled by intercropping frost-sensitive legume as living mulch (Bergkvist, 2003; Thériault et al, 2009; Cadoux et al, 2015; Lorin et al, 2015). The advantage of intercropping annual legumes with cabbage and cauliflower in Turkey (Yildirim and Guvenc, 2005, 2006) and broccoli in the USA (Coolman and Hoyt, 1993) over sole crops, were demonstrated in vegetable production.…”

Section: Together In Feeding Ruminants and Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Legume–Brassica Intercrops for Forage Production and Green Manure: Encouragements from a Temperate Southeast European Environment

et al. 2017

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Legumes and brassicas have much in common: importance in agricultural history, rich biodiversity, numerous forms of use, high adaptability to diverse farming designs, and various non-food applications. Rare available resources demonstrate intercropping legumes and brassicas as beneficial to both, especially for the latter, profiting from better nitrogen nutrition. Our team aimed at designing a scheme of the intercrops of autumn- and spring-sown annual legumes with brassicas for ruminant feeding and green manure, and has carried out a set of field trials in a temperate Southeast European environment and during the past decade, aimed at assessing their potential for yields of forage dry matter and aboveground biomass nitrogen and their economic reliability via land equivalent ratio. This review provides a cross-view of the most important deliverables of our applied research, including eight annual legume crops and six brassica species, demonstrating that nearly all the intercrops were economically reliable, as well as that those involving hairy vetch, Hungarian vetch, Narbonne vetch and pea on one side, and fodder kale and rapeseed on the other, were most productive in both manners. Feeling encouraged that this pioneering study may stimulate similar analyses in other environments and that intercropping annual legume and brassicas may play a large-scale role in diverse cropping systems, our team is heading a detailed examination of various extended research.

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“…Cover crops are introduced into the cropping system in two major ways: By growing them when the soil is not cultivated, or, alternatively, intercropping them with the main crop for a part of the growing season as living mulch [8,9]. In both systems, cover crops interfere with the development of weed populations through two mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weed Suppression in Only-Legume Cover Crop Mixtures

et al. 2019

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Weed suppression is a potential benefit of cover crop mixtures, as species diversity may allow for combining early and late-season competition with weeds. Here, we studied if this is possible for only-legume mixtures containing species with different growth rates, by testing two legumes, alsike clover (AC; Trifolium hybridum L.) and black medic (BM; Medicago lupulina L.) in two field trials sown in 2016 and 2017. Five AC:BM ratios (100:0, 67:33, 50:50, 33:67, and 0:100) were grown at three densities (50%, 100%, and 150% of recommended seed density). Cover crop and weed aboveground biomass (CCB and WB, respectively) were harvested three times, after establishment in spring (H1), in summer (H2), and in autumn after mulching (H3). Compared to fallow plots, all monocultures and mixtures showed early-season weed suppression in terms of biomass production and more efficiency over time with an average reduction of 42%, 52%, and 96% in 2016, and 39%, 55%, and 89% in 2017 at H1, H2, and H3, respectively. Out of 54 mixture treatments, only eight mixtures showed stronger weed suppression than monocultures. Mixtures reduced WB by 28%, as an average value, in 2017 compared to the respective monocultures, but not significantly in 2016, indicating that the crop diversity effect on weeds was dependent on the growing environment. Weed suppression was significantly higher at 100% and 150% seed density than 50%, but no significant differences were determined between 100% and 150% seed density. After mulching, no density effect was observed on CCB and WB. In conclusion, AC and BM can be used as a keystone species on weed suppression for sustainable agriculture as they possess plasticity to suppress weeds when higher biomass productivity is limited by environmental conditions. However, their diversity effects are time and condition dependent. Appropriate seed density and mulching can successfully be employed in weed management, but seed density may not have an effect after mulching.

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Undersowing winter oilseed rape with frost-sensitive legume living mulches to improve weed control

Cited by 40 publications

References 43 publications

Biodiversity-based options for arable weed management. A review

Biodiversity-based options for arable weed management. A review

Potential of Legume–Brassica Intercrops for Forage Production and Green Manure: Encouragements from a Temperate Southeast European Environment

Weed Suppression in Only-Legume Cover Crop Mixtures

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