Understanding and Designing the Meal Experience and its Psychological Consequences

Motivation Matters: Unraveling the Influence of Trial-Based Motivational Changes on Performance Monitoring Stages in a Flanker Task

“…We found no difference between context for ERPs during response processing (i.e., ERN, CRN and Pe), which is contrary to results from some previous studies that reported changes in ERN amplitude between different motivational contexts [e.g. 20,25]. However, this aligns with other research reporting no difference between motivational contexts [26].…”

“…However, this aligns with other research reporting no difference between motivational contexts [26]. Each of these studies used different tasks and incentive manipulations: be it presenting the contexts in block designs [25,26] vs. trial-wise with the stimulus itself indicating the context [20]; or having deterministic feedback [20,26] vs. introducing some uncertainty to the performance feedback by including RT in performance evaluations [25]. However, there is no apparent pattern in study designs that could explain these differences in results.…”

“…When comparing different motivational contexts, results are mixed: In one study using a anker task with trial-by-trial reward manipulations with the stimulus itself indicating the context, ERN amplitude was reported to be higher in trials with monetary loss than in trials with monetary gain omission [20]. In another study utilizing a block design in a Simon task, the opposite was reported: the ERN amplitude was higher in the reward block for monetary gain omission than in the punishment block for monetary loss [25]. Other studies found no difference between reward and punishment contexts for the .…”