Understanding body representations

Medina, Jared; Coslett, H. Branch

doi:10.1080/02643294.2016.1197195

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…4 ) of early stage potentials confirm the compatibility of early stage SEPs with a generator localized at the post-central gyrus (Broadmann areas 2 and 3) and are consistent with a physiological tactile activation of the primary and secondary somatosensory cortices 31 – 33 . Late Somatosensory Evoked Potentials (SEPs) are compatible with bilateral generators in the frontal lobes, including orbito-frontal, lateral and mesial cortex 34 , which confirms the secondary somatosensory cortex (SII) support of bilateral tactile representation also seen in 33 , 35 . The compatibility of elicited SEPs with literature and the significant differences among stimulation modalities seem to confirm the prevalence of a main referred sensation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

A somatotopic bidirectional hand prosthesis with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation based sensory feedback

D’Anna

Petrini

Artoni

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

178

132

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According to amputees, sensory feedback is amongst the most important features lacking from commercial prostheses. Although restoration of touch by means of implantable neural interfaces has been achieved, these approaches require surgical interventions, and their long-term usability still needs to be fully investigated. Here, we developed a non-invasive alternative which maintains some of the advantages of invasive approaches, such as a somatotopic sensory restitution scheme. We used transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) to induce referred sensations to the phantom hand of amputees. These sensations were characterized in four amputees over two weeks. Although the induced sensation was often paresthesia, the location corresponded to parts of the innervation regions of the median and ulnar nerves, and electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings confirmed the presence of appropriate responses in relevant cortical areas. Using these sensations as feedback during bidirectional prosthesis control, the patients were able to perform several functional tasks that would not be possible otherwise, such as applying one of three levels of force on an external sensor. Performance during these tasks was high, suggesting that this approach could be a viable alternative to the more invasive solutions, offering a trade-off between the quality of the sensation, and the invasiveness of the intervention.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

A somatotopic bidirectional hand prosthesis with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation based sensory feedback

D’Anna

Petrini

Artoni

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

178

132

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“…The body is a unique multisensory object (Longo et al, 2008a) integrating a large variety of inputs both from the outside and from within the body (Gallace and Spence, 2008), thus offering the opportunity for a better interaction with the complex surrounding world (Medina and Coslett, 2016a). We can experience our own body through the basic somatic sensations of touch, warmth, cold, proprioception, nociception and itch coming from peripheral receptors to central specific cortical areas (somatosensation).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The achievement of this more sophisticated perceptual experience requires moving beyond pure somatosensation to a higher-order level of neural machinery in which a combination of somatic information converges in associative areas (Murata and Ishida, 2007;Murata et al, 2016) to produce a multimodal representation of the body as a whole (the so called body matrix) (Moseley et al, 2012). This "on line" organization of somatic information is checked for congruence against internal body models (somatorepresentations) (Schwoebel and Coslett, 2005;de Vignemont, 2007;Carruthers, 2008;Tsakiris and Fotopoulou, 2008;Berlucchi and Aglioti, 2010;Longo, 2015;Medina and Coslett, 2016a): if the "on line" representation does not match (Azañón and Haggard, 2009) the "off line" body memory (Riva, 2018) we experience a body incoherence, from which misperceptions and bodily illusions may arise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explicit and Implicit Own's Body and Space Perception in Painful Musculoskeletal Disorders and Rheumatic Diseases: A Systematic Scoping Review

Viceconti

Camerone

Luzzi

et al. 2020

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Background: Pain and body perception are essentially two subjective mutually influencing experiences. However, in the field of musculoskeletal disorders and rheumatic diseases we lack of a comprehensive knowledge about the relationship between body perception dysfunctions and pain or disability. We systematically mapped the literature published about the topics of: (a) somatoperception; (b) body ownership; and (c) perception of space, analysing the relationship with pain and disability. The results were organized around the two main topics of the assessment and treatment of perceptual dysfunctions.Methods: This scoping review followed the six-stage methodology suggested by Arksey and O'Malley. Ten electronic databases and grey literature were systematically searched. The PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews was used for reporting results. Two reviewers with different background, independently performed study screening and selection, and one author performed data extraction, that was checked by a second reviewer.Results: Thirty-seven studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. The majority of studies (68%) concerned the assessment methodology, and the remaining 32% investigated the effects of therapeutic interventions. Research designs, methodologies adopted, and settings varied considerably across studies. Evidence of distorted body experience were found mainly for explicit somatoperception, especially in studies adopting self-administered questionnaire and subjective measures, highlighting in some cases the presence of sub-groups with different perceptual features. Almost half of the intervention studies (42%) provided therapeutic approaches combining more than one perceptual task, or sensory-motor tasks together with perceptual strategies, thus it was difficult to estimate the relative effectiveness of each single therapeutic component.Viceconti et al. Body Perception in Musculoskeletal DisordersConclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to systematically map and summarize this research area in the field of musculoskeletal disorders and rheumatic diseases. Although methodological limitations limit the validity of the evidence obtained, some strategies of assessment tested and therapeutic strategies proposed represent useful starting points for future research. This review highlights preliminary evidence, strengths, and limitations of the literature published about the research questions, identifying key points that remain opened to be addressed, and make suggestions for future research studies. Body representation, as well as pain perception and treatment, can be better understood if an enlarged perspective including body and space perception is considered.

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“…Given the greater ability of representations in MPFC and pSTS to generalize across different stimuli (Skerry and Saxe [2014]) than representations in OFA and FFA, we interpret these influences as top-down. A recent study (Kliemann et al [2016]) has reported task-dependent changes in the patterns of response in ventral temporal face-selective regions. Participants were asked to judge the age (in half of the trials) and the valence (in the remaining trials) of facial expressions, and found that patterns of response in the right FFA were more similar in the trials in which participants performed the same task than in trials in which they performed different tasks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In each experiment, videos prompting the attribution of an emotion to a target were shown to participants while fMRI data were collected. The blood-oxygen level dependent (BOLD) timeseries measured were used to model connectivity between face selective regions and regions encoding information about emotional valence (OFA, FFA, pSTS and MPFC, see Skerry and Saxe [2014], Kliemann et al [2016]). …”

Section: Experimental Materials and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Directed network discovery with dynamic network modelling

et al. 2017

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Cognitive tasks recruit multiple brain regions. Understanding how these regions influence each other (the network structure) is an important step to characterize the neural basis of cognitive processes. Often, limited evidence is available to restrict the range of hypotheses a priori, and techniques that sift efficiently through a large number of possible network structures are needed (network discovery). This article introduces a novel modeling technique for network discovery (Dynamic Network Modeling or DNM) that builds on ideas from Granger Causality and Dynamic Causal Modeling introducing three key changes: 1) efficient network discovery is implemented with statistical tests on the consistency of model parameters across participants, 2) the tests take into account the magnitude and sign of each influence, and 3) variance explained in independent data is used as an absolute (rather than relative) measure of the quality of the network model. In this article, we outline the functioning of DNM, we validate DNM in simulated data for which the ground truth is known, and we report an example of its application to the investigation of influences between regions during emotion recognition, revealing top-down influences from brain regions encoding abstract representations of emotions (medial prefrontal cortex and superior temporal sulcus) onto regions engaged in the perceptual analysis of facial expressions (occipital face area and fusiform face area) when participants are asked to switch between reporting the emotional valence and the age of a face.

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Understanding body representations

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

A somatotopic bidirectional hand prosthesis with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation based sensory feedback

A somatotopic bidirectional hand prosthesis with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation based sensory feedback

Explicit and Implicit Own's Body and Space Perception in Painful Musculoskeletal Disorders and Rheumatic Diseases: A Systematic Scoping Review

Directed network discovery with dynamic network modelling

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