“…Recent research has found that TGFβ is able to induce EDA, which binds to TGF-β1 and triggers the enhancement of α-SMA (α-actinin-2) and fibroblast contraction, thereby inducing fibroblast and ECM contraction function [ 26 ]. Activation of Wnt signaling can be achieved by the EDA-EDAR pathway, which serves as a canonical effector of cell development and cancer progression.…”