Understanding Factors of Using Public Transportation Among Women in Kuala Lumpur

Abstract

In recent decades, the percentage of women working outside their homes has ascended in many developing countries depicts the needs on the understanding of how women travel daily. Many claims, public transportation facilities, and infrastructure related to it do not consider the needs of women travelers but fit men's standards. As a result, many face difficulties became dependent on men for traveling or facing safety-related issues that deter them to use public transportation independently. Thus, this study is to identify factors of public transportation usage among women users in Kuala Lumpur. The study has able to identify three main attributes in public transportation usage factors that influence women users. Using the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) researchers have found that situational attributes have a larger influence on public transportation frequency, in the use of public transportation and surrounding condition of the public transportation in the mode choice decisions of their travel preferences.

A region-wide survey on emotional and psychological impacts of COVID-19 on public transport choices in Sicily, Italy

“…The same also applies to women (Al-Rashid et al, 2020;Campisi et al, 2020;Harumain et al, 2021) and it is indicated in Table 3 by a hypothesized positive correlation between gender (i.e., male:1, female:2) and fear/stress/anxiety emotions. Car owners and drivers are also expected to be under lower levels of fear, stress, and anxiety since they are not public transport captive users and have alternative traveling options.…”

“…Given the importance of these psychological stimulations during the COVID-19 pandemic phases and the emerging challenges, recent research has also considered the psychological perspective to analyze travel behavior. The psychosocial and situational aspects can influence modal choices, often becoming a real barrier resulting from various factors such as age (Al-Rashid et al, 2021) or gender (Al-Rashid et al,2020;Harumain et al, 2021). Transport demand from the early stages of the pandemic was also strongly influenced by these behavioral aspects (Anagnostopoulou et al, 2020;Borkowski et al,2021).…”

“…Signals of public emotion and attention are present in social media data, underlining the potential usefulness of social media to monitor public risk perception and guide public communication during crisis scenarios (Dyer & Kolic, 2020). Other studies have shown the usage trends of different transport modes in various urban areas such as small cities (Campisi et al, 2020) or metropolises (Harumain et al, 2021).…”

How Do Psychosocial Barriers Shape Public Transport Use? A Mixed-Method Study among Older Adults in Pakistan

“…A large segment of older adults in the country remains deprived of socio-economic opportunities and cannot participate in socio-economic activities effectively [8]. They are socially excluded and face various disadvantages because they lack the travel means to address such concerns [9,10]. The physical activity levels and mobility of older adults in Pakistan are inadequate [11].…”

Scaling the Potential of Compact City Development: The Case of Lahore, Pakistan

“…It is necessary at the same time to consider that by increasing densities in and around the compact city, public transport systems can no longer meet the dispersed pattern of the transport demands of all citizens [19,20]. Therefore, two alternatives should be referred to, namely the commonly used line-by-line approach and the integrated and nodal approach.…”