Understanding Farmers' Perception on Climate Change and Adaptation Strategies in Karetha Watershed, Omo-gibe Basin, Ethiopia

Wolka, Kebede; Zeleke, Gizachew

doi:10.3923/ajes.2017.22.32

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Almost all farmers (96%) have perceived changes in the climate, generally in the form of warming (89%) and/or a decrease in snow/rainfall (90%)consistent with results of our analyses of weather data. The findings are similar to those reported in several past studies, such as Wolka and Zeleke (2017). Almost 2/3 of farmers believe that recent changes in the climate are God's will and about 10% attribute the changes to human actions (not necessarily economic activities though).…”

Section: Climate Change Perception Impacts and Riskssupporting

confidence: 89%

Adaptation to climate change in Afghanistan: Evidence on the impact of external interventions

Jawid

Khadjavi

2019

Economic Analysis and Policy

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Climate change is a significant obstacle for farmers in the least developed countries like Afghanistan and adaptation support is exceptionally scarce. This paper provides evidence on the impact of the agriculture-related external support on farmers' adaptation to climate change in the Central Highlands of Afghanistan. To this end, we collected primary data from 1434 farmers whom we interviewed across 14 districts in Bamiyan, Ghazni, and Diakundi provinces. We employ quasi-experimental econometric methods, including an endogenous switching regression analysis, to estimate the treatment effects on various adaptation-related outcomes. We find significant impacts of support interventions on the use of improved types of seeds and farmers' access to irrigation water. Further impacts on the risk of flood, economic and financial as well as government and institutional adaptation constraints appear to be significant, but sensitive to the existence of unobserved factors. We conclude that farmers perceived changes in the climate, and most of them tried to adapt by employing measures available to them. The impact of external support has been partially effective in addressing immediate and short-term farming challenges related to climate change and extreme weather events. They, however, have not been effective in treating long-term fundamental climate change-related risks. Based on our analysis of the past treatments and farmers' selfreported priorities, we provide a list of policy recommendations for adaptation to climate change in farming communities in Afghanistan.

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Section: Climate Change Perception Impacts and Riskssupporting

confidence: 89%

Adaptation to climate change in Afghanistan: Evidence on the impact of external interventions

Jawid

Khadjavi

2019

Economic Analysis and Policy

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“…By contrast to the study at the Kilimanjaro, Tanzania (Pabst et al, 2013), the Bokole-Karetha watershed did not show significantly different SOC concentration in the surface soil with elevation, neither in homegardens nor in croplands despite the noticeable difference in temperature and precipitation (Wolka and Zeleke, 2017). Perhaps the lack of significant differences in SOC concentration with elevation was due to interlinked processes affected by land management practices and climatic conditions.…”

Section: Soc Concentration Hwec and Ceccontrasting

confidence: 80%

“…Soil pH decreased significantly with elevation in both homegarden and cropland. Most likely this is due to increased leaching of base cations at higher elevations resulting from greater precipitation (Wolka and Zeleke, 2017). A study in the Kilimanjaro area of Tanzania also reported decreasing pH with elevation (Pabst et al, 2013).…”

Section: Texture Ph and Bulk Densitymentioning

confidence: 98%

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Soil organic carbon and associated soil properties in Enset (Ensete ventricosum Welw. Cheesman)-based homegardens in Ethiopia

Wolka

Biazin

Martinsen

et al. 2021

Soil and Tillage Research

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Enset (Ensete ventricosum Welw. Cheesman)-based homegardens have long been practiced as central elements of agricultural land management and food security in south and southwest Ethiopia. In contrast to the homegardens' biodiversity and role in food security, soil quality has received little attention. Objective of this study was to assess soil quality parameters in typical homegardens in comparison with adjacent croplands, both under continuous management for >30 years. The study was undertaken at high (2200-2330 masl), mid (1799-1849 masl), and low (1349-1381 masl) elevation in the central Omo-Gibe basin, southwest Ethiopia. Through interviews of 49 randomly selected farm households, and soil sampling at six paired sites at high and mid elevations, and five paired sites of low elevation, we found that homegardens received the majority of household waste and manure and were less frequently tilled. By contrast, some, but not all, croplands occasionally received inorganic fertilizer. Homegarden soil had significantly greater (P < 0.05) soil organic carbon (SOC) concentrations than croplands. At 0-20 cm depth, SOC concentrations in homegardens (22.4-26.4 mg g − 1 soil) were twice as high as in croplands (11.5-12.7 mg g -1 soil). Most likely the lower content of SOC in cropland was due to the limited input of organic matter and intensive tillage. The top 60 cm of homegarden soils stored 21-32 Mg ha -1 more SOC than adjacent croplands. Homegardens at high elevation had a significantly greater SOC stock (P < 0.05) than at low elevation. Hot water extractable (labile) organic carbon levels at 0-20 cm in homegardens (540-649 μg g -1 soil) were three to five times greater than in croplands (106-207 μg g -1 soil) and was strongly correlated with the SOC concentration (R 2 = 0.85, in homegardens). The fraction of water-stable macro-aggregates (>0.5 mm) was positively correlated with the SOC concentration and significantly greater in homegardens than in cropland. Our results show that traditional homegardens represent a sustainable form of land management and cropping system, enhancing SOC concentration, soil structure and fertility.

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“…increase in temperature ranked most significant natural driver in Bahawalpur, soil salinization in Rahim Yar Khan and variation in rainfall pattern in Rajanpur. Perceptions of rural households regarding weather elated risks has been studied by many researchers (Fahad, 2018;Wolka, 2017). D'Odorico et al ( 2013) also reported Indus basin in Pakistan to be suffering from salinity and the respondents from Rahim Yar Khan also mentioned the same to be the main driver of desertification in their district.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Preliminary Study of Anthropogenic and Natural Drivers of Desertification in Drylands of South Punjab, Pakistan

Mazhar

Shirazi

2020

IJEEG

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This study aims to investigate the perceptions of farmers residing in the drylands of south Punjab regarding the drivers of desertification mainly associated with meteorological and anthropogenic factors. Dataset of 399 respondents was collected using disproportionate stratified sampling technique from Bahawalpur, Rahim Yar Khan and Rajanpur districts. Pearson correlation and cross tabulation were performed to explore relation between variables. Simple Linear Regression (SLR) helped in investigating the association between natural and anthropogenic causes of desertification. The findings of this study indicate the significant variability in natural causes of desertification such as increasing temperature extremes, soil salinization and variation in rainfall patterns, while extensive land degradation, caused by anthropogenic factor, as leading to desertification in the study area. For Rajanpur, mean rainfall variation, supports the perception regarding major natural driver of desertification. Small-scale farmers were found to be most vulnerable to climatic extremes. SLR concluded that anthropogenic factors trigger or intensify the natural drivers of desertification in the study area. Useful insights are provided regarding the perceptions of the local farming community regarding causes of desertification as appropriate perception of a risk leads to fruitful adaptation measures

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Understanding Farmers' Perception on Climate Change and Adaptation Strategies in Karetha Watershed, Omo-gibe Basin, Ethiopia

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Adaptation to climate change in Afghanistan: Evidence on the impact of external interventions

Adaptation to climate change in Afghanistan: Evidence on the impact of external interventions

Soil organic carbon and associated soil properties in Enset (Ensete ventricosum Welw. Cheesman)-based homegardens in Ethiopia

The Preliminary Study of Anthropogenic and Natural Drivers of Desertification in Drylands of South Punjab, Pakistan

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