Understanding Global Security

Hough, Peter

doi:10.4324/9780203403181

Cited by 38 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…When political leaders lose sight of this crucial dimension of the relationship, security policy becomes cynical realpolitik and the interests of the state come to dominate exclusively. 43 As we saw in the preceding paragraph on human security, a functioning state is necessary for the security of the population, but a (failing) state can also endanger the security and development potential of its own citizens. Accordingly, the referent object of security -at least in Western democraciesshifts from the state to the society and the individual.…”

Section: From State Security To Social and Individual Securitymentioning

confidence: 97%

The Extension of the Concept of Security

Ballin

Dijstelbloem

Goede

2020

Research for Policy

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The classical view of security as relating to nation states and the protection of their territory still lies at the heart of thinking about national and international security. Defence in the sense of national defence is a key task of the nation state and for centuries the sovereignty of states has formed the basis of the international legal order. Today, however, security encompasses more than protecting the state's territory against military aggression by another state, as is illustrated in Fig. 2.1. With globalisation and the emergence of new economic powers, for example, the relationship between economic and military security has become a far more prominent issue. In an interconnected world, flow security-safeguarding global flows of goods and services, infrastructural hubs and systems-is of the utmost importance. In a world of transnational connections, protecting national territory against hostile armies is not enough. Moreover, since the 1980s, and to an even greater extent since the end of the Cold War, there has been a significant increase in concern for human rights and for economic and social development (human security). After all, physical violence is partially explained by the structural violence as a result of disadvantaged social circumstances. National and international security are therefore linked to the security of the society and the individual. The security of the nation state is not a goal in itself, but is for the benefit of the society. Particularly since 11 September 2001, the blurring of the boundaries between internal and external security has also entered the debate about security policy 1 with the realisation that non-state actors such as Al Qaida and Da'esh have come to form part of the landscape of security and insecurity. The sovereignty of states over their

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Section: From State Security To Social and Individual Securitymentioning

confidence: 97%

The Extension of the Concept of Security

Ballin

Dijstelbloem

Goede

2020

Research for Policy

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“…The human security approach, following the end of the Cold War and the end of certainty that came with it, became the bedrock of security discourses, strategy and even a security paradigm that seeks to extol the primacy of human basic need as security measures itself, to forestalling insecurities (Hough, 2004). The failure of governments to, through the usual traditional security paradigm, address the emerging human insecurities that threatened the existence of humanity led to the emergence of an alternative approach, i.e., the human security paradigm to approaching and understanding the rising profile of human-related insecurity issues.…”

Section: The Intersecting Causality Between Social Injustice Corruptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social injustice, corruption and Nigeria’s national security quest: A theoretical discourse

Akinrinde

2020

GJS

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While across known histories of societies the human societies had always developed within the confines of their limits of social justice, the security or otherwise of societies had always been directly proportional to their level of social justice. Invariably, this implies the higher the acceptance and recognition of the need for social justice by a society, the higher the society’s chances for national security. Social justice has thus proven to be a critical sine qua non for an egalitarian and a just society where equity, selflessness and equitable distribution of resources reign. However, the lack and deliberate emasculation of social justice within the society by the state and/or its machineries has over time, consequentially, informed a pathological situation; a situation where, due to the absence or deliberate neglect of the need for social justice in the accumulation of wealth, distribution of wealth and resources as well as social, economic and political relationships amongst the people, the rich are becoming richer whilst the less privileged are becoming more disadvantaged. The social implication and effect of this social pathology is the impulse by the rich or the privileged to see and use corruption to accumulate more wealth, resources and power in unjust social, economic and political exchanges in their bid to maintain the unjust socio-economic and political systems, whilst the poor and the less privileged tend to see and use corruption as a leveller and means to accumulating their own share of the societal wealth, resources and power. The corrupt environment created by social injustice is therefore antithetical to any country’s quest for national security. This is chiefly because national security objectives and corruption are two parallel lines that cannot and have never met. This article therefore argues that social justice backed by egalitarian and equitable distribution of wealth, resources and social services by the government would bring about a corrupt-free society where insecurity would be minimised and reduced to the barest minimum. Keywords: Social injustice, corruption, insecurity, Nigeria’s National Security, Nigeria.

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“…In academia and policy circles there have been vivid and sometimes fierce debates on the nexus of environment and conflict. These discussions have taken different points of departure and have also revolved around diverging issues (see Hough 2008). This is in part explained by the different underlying (conflict) theories and associated paradigms, and the centrality of different key concepts.…”

Section: Conflict and Cooperation On Natural Resources: The Academic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Property rights, nationalisation and extractive industries in Bolivia and Ecuador

Arsel

Mena²,

Pellegrini³

et al. 2014

Conflicts Over Natural Resources in the Global South

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Table of contents Acknowledgements ix List of Contributors xi 1 Introduction MAARTEN BAVINCK, ERIK MOSTERT AND LORENZO PELLEGRINI 1.1 Preliminary remarks 1.2 The compendium of cases 1.3 Situating the cases 1.4 Taking action 1.5 Ways forward 2 Conflict and cooperation on natural resources: Justifying the CoCooN programme GEORG FRERKS, TON DIETZ AND PIETER VAN DER ZAAG 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Conflict and cooperation on natural resources: the academic debates 2.2.1 From old to new wars 2.

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Understanding Global Security

Cited by 38 publications

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The Extension of the Concept of Security

The Extension of the Concept of Security

Social injustice, corruption and Nigeria’s national security quest: A theoretical discourse

Property rights, nationalisation and extractive industries in Bolivia and Ecuador

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