Understanding knowledge and attitudes about breast cancer. A cultural analysis

Chávez, Leo R.; Hubbell, F. Allan; McMullin, Juliet; Martínez, Rebecca G.; Mishra, Shiraz I.

doi:10.1001/archfami.4.2.145

Cited by 49 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The survey included questions about breast cancer-related knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices taken from previous national and local survey instruments. [9][10][11] The project received approval from the Human Subjects Review Committee at the University of California, Irvine.Self-reported mammography use within the past 2 years was the dependent variable. We used the 2 test and logistic regression analysis to determine the impact of knowledge and attitudes about breast cancer on mammography use.…”

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The influence of knowledge and attitudes about breast cancer on mammography use among latinas and anglo women

et al. 1997

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We conducted a telephone survey of randomly selected Latinas ( n ‫؍‬ 208) and Anglo women ( n ‫؍‬ 222) to determine predictors of mammography use. The cooperation rate was 78.5%. Relatively high proportions of Latinas (61%) and Anglo women (79%) reported mammography use within the past 2 years. A logistic regression analysis revealed that knowledge and attitudes did not independently predict use. On the other hand, having health insurance, being married, and being Latino were consistent independent predictors. We conclude that mammography use among Latinas and Anglo women is increasing. However, further gains in use must address difficult barriers such as lack of health insurance. reast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among Latinas (Hispanic women) and Anglo (nonHispanic white) women in the United States. 1 However, Latinas are less likely than Anglo women to receive screening for this disease. 2 To reduce the number of breast cancer deaths by the year 2000, the U.S. Public Health Service has set the goal of increasing the rates of mammography use within the past 2 years for women over the age of 50 years from 18% for Latinas and 25% for Anglo women to at least 60% for both groups. 3,4 To reach these objectives, it is important to understand the factors that influence mammographic screening.National surveys have found that the predictors of use include health insurance, income levels, education, and age. 2 Some studies have also reported that being Latino is a predictor of lower mammography use. 2,5 The reasons for this finding are not entirely clear; however, Latinas' beliefs about breast cancer may be partially responsible. 6,7 We previously described the predictors of breast cancer-related knowledge and attitudes among Latinas and Anglo women. 6 This report analyzes mammography use among women from that same data set who were 40 years of age and older. METHODSThe setting was Orange County, a southern California community of 2.5 million residents of which approximately 23% are Latino. 8 Trained bilingual women interviewers conducted a telephone survey among women from randomly selected households from September 1992 to March 1993. Eligible participants were English-speaking or Spanish-speaking women aged 18 years or older who identified themselves as Latino or Anglo. The survey included questions about breast cancer-related knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices taken from previous national and local survey instruments. [9][10][11] The project received approval from the Human Subjects Review Committee at the University of California, Irvine.Self-reported mammography use within the past 2 years was the dependent variable. We used the 2 test and logistic regression analysis to determine the impact of knowledge and attitudes about breast cancer on mammography use. Because of multiple comparisons, we set the significance level at .01 for the 2 analysis. We constructed a logistic regression model in which we tested each knowledge and attitude variable separately while controlling for the follow...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of knowledge and attitudes about breast cancer on mammography use among latinas and anglo women

et al. 1997

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“…Additionally, compared to European Americans, ethnic minorities report more fatalistic outlooks about cancer outcomes [28,47,48], are more likely to believe that cancer is equivalent to a death sentence [21,49,50], and that it can be caused by trauma or one's conduct [46,49]. Therefore, among many African, Asian and Latino cultures, a 'fatalistic' attitude -an acceptance of death and suffering as inevitable in life -is more common and culturally acceptable [47,51].…”

Section: Worldviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The contextual model of HRQoL: A paradigm for expanding the HRQoL framework

2005

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in most US populations. Unfortunately, ethnic minority status is associated with increased later stage at diagnosis, greater incidence for many cancer sites, differential treatments, greater mortality and morbidity. The government and public health focus on health disparities, evident in several documents including Healthy People 2010, Unequal Treatment and the Nation's Investment in Cancer Research, are spurring interest in research with ethnic minority populations. Research investigating the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among ethnic minority cancer survivors is new and growing. However, there is a dearth of research that addresses theoretical frameworks in cross cultural research. In conducting research with diverse populations, appropriate theoretical grounding that is responsive to cultural and socioecological contexts must be considered. This paper will discuss the contextual model of HRQoL, a comprehensive framework developed to expand the traditional HRQoL framework to facilitate culturally and socioecologically responsive research. This model may provide a more comprehensive theoretical framework to investigate certain areas of health disparities and risk factors for poor outcomes in HRQoL research with cancer survivors.

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“…The interviews with physicians were conducted as part of a larger study on Latinas and cancer (Chavez et al 1995a). Community-based physicians were sent letters and asked to participate in the study.…”

Section: Research Among Physiciansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, power and experience: Variation in physicians’ perceptions of breast cancer risk factors

Chavez

Hubbell

1994

Medical Anthropology

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Recent theory in anthropology has increasingly been concerned with issues of power. Anthropology also has a long history of interest in variation in cultural knowledge, which, we argue, benefits from attention to power relations. To show this, we examine perceptions of breast cancer risk factors among physicians. Although physicians share a general cultural model of breast cancer risk factors, variation exists, especially between university-based physicians and community-based physicians. The nature of the work performed in these two settings influences the acquisition of various sources of information and frames what is considered valid information. Similar to Foucault's argument, we find that physicians working in a university setting are more disciplined in discussing their perceptions of breast cancer risk factors, compared to community-based physicians, who move away from the centers of knowledge and power (universities).Key Words: power relations; variation in medical knowledge; knowledge, power and medicine; consensus analysis, breast cancer risk factorsIn a critique of the representation of biomedicine as "monolithic and uniform," DiGiacomo (1992) states that "this sort of broad-stroke generalization seems incautious, given the cultural diversity to be found even in the 'advanced industrial world'." Rather than assuming biomedicine is monolithic, anthropologists studying biomedicine as a cultural system have explored how biomedicine is socially, culturally, and historically constructed (Good and Good 1993; Lindenbaum and Lock 1993; Amarasingham Rhodes 1991;Good, et al. 1990; Lock and Gordon 1988; DiGiacomo 1987). In addition, researchers have examined how physicians have maintained their dominant positions, vis-a-vis non-physicians and peripheral medical practitioners, through the use of "technology, engaging in scientific and objective research, and the ability to measure biological aspects of illness" (Lock

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Understanding knowledge and attitudes about breast cancer. A cultural analysis

Cited by 49 publications

References 2 publications

The influence of knowledge and attitudes about breast cancer on mammography use among latinas and anglo women

The influence of knowledge and attitudes about breast cancer on mammography use among latinas and anglo women

The contextual model of HRQoL: A paradigm for expanding the HRQoL framework

Knowledge, power and experience: Variation in physicians’ perceptions of breast cancer risk factors

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