Understanding responses to climate-related water scarcity in Africa

Filho, Walter Leal; Totin, Edmond; Franke, James; Andrew, Samora M.; Abubakar, Ismaila Rimi; Azadi, Hossein; Nunn, Patrick D.; Ouweneel, Birgitt; Williams, Portia Adade; Simpson, Nicholas P.; h, Global Adaptation Mapping Initiative Team. Electronic address:

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150420

Cited by 116 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 163 publications

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“…The GAMI dataset has been used to provide global, regional, and sectoral reviews of adaptation feasibility (Williams et al 2021), policy tools to support climate adaptation (Ulibarri et al 2021), responses to climaterelated water scarcity (Leal Filho et al 2022), equity in adaptation (Araos et al 2021), health effects of adaptation (Scheelbeek et al 2021), constraints and limits to adaptation (Thomas et al 2021), adaptation to extreme heat (Turek-Hankins et al 2021), adaptation in conflict affected areas (Sitati et al 2021), and a systematic global stocktake of evidence of human adaptation to climate change (Berrang-Ford et al 2021b). Our assessment here focuses on water sector responses within the five hundred and seventy (570) articles on the region of Africa.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of indigenous knowledge and local knowledge in water sector adaptation to climate change in Africa: a structured assessment

et al. 2022

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Evidence is increasing of human responses to the impacts of climate change in Africa. However, understanding of the effectiveness of these responses for adaptation to climate change across the diversity of African contexts is still limited. Despite high reliance on indigenous knowledge (IK) and local knowledge (LK) for climate adaptation by African communities, potential of IK and LK to contribute to adaptation through reducing climate risk or supporting transformative adaptation responses is yet to be established. Here, we assess the influence of IK and LK for the implementation of water sector adaptation responses in Africa to better understand the relationship between responses to climate change and indigenous and local knowledge systems. Eighteen (18) water adaptation response types were identified from the academic literature through the Global Adaptation Mapping Initiative (GAMI) and intended nationally determined contributions (iNDCs) for selected African countries. Southern, West, and East Africa show relatively high evidence of the influence of IK and LK on the implementation of water adaptation responses, while North and Central Africa show lower evidence. At country level, Zimbabwe displays the highest evidence (77.8%) followed by Ghana (53.6%), Kenya (46.2%), and South Africa (31.3%). Irrigation, rainwater harvesting, water conservation, and ecosystem-based measures, mainly agroforestry, were the most implemented measures across Africa. These were mainly household and individual measures influenced by local and indigenous knowledge. Adaptation responses with IK and LK influence recorded higher evidence of risk reduction compared to responses without IK and LK. Analysis of iNDCs shows the most implemented water adaptation actions in academic literature are consistent with water sector adaptation targets set by most African governments. Yet only 10.4% of the African governments included IK and LK in adaptation planning in the iNDCs. This study recommends a coordinated approach to adaptation that integrates multiple knowledge sources, including IK and LK, to ensure sustainability of both current and potential water adaptation measures in Africa.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of indigenous knowledge and local knowledge in water sector adaptation to climate change in Africa: a structured assessment

et al. 2022

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“…Everyday challenges include water scarcity, land degradation, hunger, malnutrition and poor health, while inadequate governance in some dryland areas has led to economic and political marginalisation and exacerbated conflict and displacement (Stringer et al 2017). A wide variety of traditional and emerging responses to climate-related water scarcity across these areas typify the challenges of living in drylands (Leal Filho et al 2022), while viable alternatives to natural resource-based livelihoods are largely lacking. This combination of dry conditions and high rainfall variability, rich Indigenous knowledge but also pervasive conditions of socio-political marginalisation frame both the urgency of achieving Climate Resilient Development outcomes as well as the dimensions that enable Climate Resilient Development in drylands.…”

Section: Climate Change and Development In The Drylandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Resilient Development Pathways in Global Drylands

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The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Working Group II Report on Adaptation, Impacts and Vulnerability identifies the urgent need to embark upon Climate Resilient Development Pathways. Climate Resilient Development acknowledges that adaptation needs to be undertaken together with mitigation and development, in joined-up, inclusive, just and equitable ways, across multiple arenas of engagement. In highly vulnerable systems with complex development contexts, such as drylands, where globally, warming is already exceeding that of humid areas, urgent action is vital, as the window of opportunity for Climate Resilient Development is rapidly closing. This paper considers challenges and opportunities in charting Climate Resilient Development Pathways in the world’s drylands. It highlights the importance of stakeholder engagement and partnership building to harness diverse knowledge sources, situating equity and justice concerns at the core of decision making and actions such as land restoration. It notes that while technological solutions offer potential to advance Climate Resilient Development, they need to be developed in an inclusive manner and used in ways that do not undermine Indigenous knowledge and local knowledge or exacerbate inequalities. Many of the challenges to Climate Resilient Development go beyond technology to include highly contextual differences in understanding, environment, institutions and access to finance. Adequate assessment of trade-offs in Climate Resilient Development actions in drylands remains vital to the framing of Climate Resilient Development Pathways for different groups. The paper concludes by identifying major urgent research gaps considering upscaling, stakeholder responsibilities and governance, the magnitude of investment that is necessary, and the need for appropriate monitoring, evaluation and learning.

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“…For example, the accessibility of safe drinking water in Indonesia is just 87.75%, and the rate can be as low as 66% in some African countries. It was reported that around 52% of rivers are heavily polluted, and India has 4% of global freshwater resources for drinking and food consumption; in addition, it was reported that about 70% of drinking water sources in China are polluted [ 1 , 2 ]. Moreover, water scarcity and crises are predicted to reach critical conditions as a global issue in 2025.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, water scarcity and crises are predicted to reach critical conditions as a global issue in 2025. Some studies have highlighted that trends in water scarcity are enforced by some factors, such as climate change, industrialization, food systems, country-level socio-economic systems, livelihoods and wellbeing, conflict and security, economies, and ecosystem interests [ 1 ]. Therefore, multidisciplinary approaches are required to minimize and overcome the issue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clay-Supported Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Catalytic Advanced Oxidation Processes: A Review

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Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) utilizing heterogeneous catalysts have attracted great attention in the last decade. The use of solid catalysts, including metal and metal oxide nanoparticle support materials, exhibited better performance compared with the use of homogeneous catalysts, which is mainly related to their stability in hostile environments and recyclability and reusability. Various solid supports have been reported to enhance the performance of metal and metal oxide catalysts for AOPs; undoubtedly, the utilization of clay as a support is the priority under consideration and has received intensive interest. This review provides up-to-date progress on the synthesis, features, and future perspectives of clay-supported metal and metal oxide for AOPs. The methods and characteristics of metal and metal oxide incorporated into the clay structure are strongly influenced by various factors in the synthesis, including the kind of clay mineral. In addition, the benefits of nanomaterials from a green chemistry perspective are key aspects for their further considerations in various applications. Special emphasis is given to the basic schemes for clay modifications and role of clay supports for the enhanced mechanism of AOPs. The scaling-up issue is suggested for being studied to further applications at industrial scale.

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Understanding responses to climate-related water scarcity in Africa

Cited by 116 publications

References 163 publications

The role of indigenous knowledge and local knowledge in water sector adaptation to climate change in Africa: a structured assessment

The role of indigenous knowledge and local knowledge in water sector adaptation to climate change in Africa: a structured assessment

Climate Resilient Development Pathways in Global Drylands

Clay-Supported Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Catalytic Advanced Oxidation Processes: A Review

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