Understanding single-phase water-management signatures in fuel-cell impedance spectra: A numerical study

Kosakian, Aslan; Urbina, L. Padilla; Heaman, Aidan; Secanell, Marc

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136204

Cited by 40 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…A similar approach is used by Iczkowski and Cutlip 11 to analyze losses in the fuel-cell cathode. Secanell and coworkers 12,13 used the heat dissipation or the power loss from cell to estimate cell resistance and estimate corresponding voltage losses.…”

Section: A Brief Review Of Voltage Breakdown Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method—Practices and Pitfalls in Voltage Breakdown Analysis of Electrochemical Energy-Conversion Systems

Gerhardt

Pant

Bui

et al. 2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Many electrochemical energy-conversion systems are evaluated by polarization curves, which report the cell voltage across a range of current densities and are a global measure of operation and state of health. Mathematical models can be used to deconstruct the measured overall voltage and identify and quantify the voltage-loss sources, such as kinetic, ohmic, and masstransport effects. These results elucidate the best pathways for improved performance. In this work, we discuss several voltagebreakdown methods and provide examples across different low-temperature, membrane-based electrochemical systems including electrolyzers, fuel cells, and related electrochemical energy-conversion devices. We present best practices to guide experimentalists and theorists in polarization-curve breakdown analysis.

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Section: A Brief Review Of Voltage Breakdown Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method—Practices and Pitfalls in Voltage Breakdown Analysis of Electrochemical Energy-Conversion Systems

Gerhardt

Pant

Bui

et al. 2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Taking into account a transmission line model when considering EIS in PEMWE, 61,62 only the more conducting phase in the CL will contribute to the HFR, as was shown numerically for PEMFC. 60 To further demonstrate that the electronic resistance in the electrolyzers can be larger than the protonic resistance in the anode CL, the HFR of PEMWE with the anode CL with 35 wt % ionomer loading was measured. The HFR should measure the electronic resistance of the BPPs, CCs, PTL, GDL, cathode CL, and protonic resistance of the membrane and anode CL.…”

Section: Ionomermentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the Protonic and Electronic Conductivities of PEM Water Electrolyzer Electrodes

Mandal

Moore

Secanell

2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Reducing anode catalyst layer proton-and electrontransport resistances in polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolyzers is critical to improving its performance and maximizing catalyst utilization at high current density. A hydrogen pump technique is adapted to measure the protonic conductivity of IrO x -based catalyst layers. The protonic resistance of the catalyst layer is obtained by subtracting the protonic resistance of an assembly of two NRE211 membranes hot-pressed together from an assembly of two NRE211 membranes with an IrO x intermediate layer. The through-plane and in-plane electronic conductivities were also measured using two-and four-probe methods, respectively. Using these techniques, the protonic and electronic conductivities of the IrO x catalyst layers with varying Nafion loading were measured. The results show that the limiting charge-transport phenomena in the IrO x catalyst layer can be either proton or electron transport, depending on the ionomer loading in the catalyst layer. These results are validated by numerical simulation, as well as by comparison to the high-frequency resistance of an electrolyzer with the same layer.

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“…Furthermore, the impedance from high-frequency to low-frequency is mainly dominated by proton transfer within the cathode ionomer, charge transfer attributed to oxygen reduction, and oxygen transfer in the cathode, respectively. The high-frequency inductive phenomenon is mainly related to equipment disturbance [42]. For another, there is the same variation trend between the ohmic loss and cathode proton transfer loss, so the fault characteristic involving proton transport loss in the cathode catalyst layer is ignored to reduce the calculation of ECM.…”

Section: Equivalent Circuit Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multi-Stage Fault Diagnosis Method for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Based on Support Vector Machine with Binary Tree

Xie¹,

Wang

Zhu³

et al. 2021

Energies

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The reliability and durability of the proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells are vital factors restricting their applications. Therefore, establishing an online fault diagnosis system is of great significance. In this paper, a multi-stage fault diagnosis method for the PEM fuel cell is proposed. First, the tests of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy under various fault conditions are conducted. Specifically, prone recoverable faults, such as flooding, membrane drying, and air starvation, are included, and different fault degrees from minor, moderate to severe, are covered. Based on this, an equivalent circuit model (ECM) is selected to fit impedance spectroscopy by the hybrid genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm, and then fault features are determined by the analysis of each model parameter under different fault conditions. Furthermore, a multi-stage fault diagnosis model is constructed with the support vector machine with the binary tree, in which fault features obtained from the ECM are used as the characteristic inputs to realize the fault classification (including fault type and fault degree) online. The results show that the accuracy of the basic fault test and subdivided fault test can reach 100% and 98.3%, respectively, which indicates that the proposed diagnosis method can effectively identify flooding, drying, and air starvation of PEM fuel cells.

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Understanding single-phase water-management signatures in fuel-cell impedance spectra: A numerical study

Cited by 40 publications

References 100 publications

Method—Practices and Pitfalls in Voltage Breakdown Analysis of Electrochemical Energy-Conversion Systems

Method—Practices and Pitfalls in Voltage Breakdown Analysis of Electrochemical Energy-Conversion Systems

Measurement of the Protonic and Electronic Conductivities of PEM Water Electrolyzer Electrodes

A Multi-Stage Fault Diagnosis Method for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Based on Support Vector Machine with Binary Tree

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