Understanding Social Theory

Layder, Derek

doi:10.4135/9781446279052

Cited by 234 publications

(186 citation statements)

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“…Rules could be defined as norms and social conventions, whereas resources are subdivided into two sections -that of allocated resources and non-material resources. In this he is criticised for making structure something that is not what social scientists would conventionally recognize (Layder, 1994). Hay (1995) goes on to claim "no dualism, in fact, ever existed between the concepts that Giddens deploys" (Hay, 1995: 198).…”

Section: Sarasonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entrepreneurship as the structuration of individual and opportunity: A response using a critical realist perspective

Mole

2010

Journal of Business Venturing

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A note on versions:The version presented here may differ from the published version or, version of record, if you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the 'permanent WRAP url' above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. (2000) framework of the interrelationship between opportunity and the entrepreneur, by proposing Giddens' structuration theory as the 'lens through which to view the entrepreneurial process ' (2006: 286). In this comment we make four points. Although we agree that the nexus of entrepreneur and opportunity is one that requires understanding within the context of social structure and the individual agency.Our view of structure differs substantially from Giddens and by implication Sarason et al. (2006) we discus the implications. Second, since strata in social reality have different ontologies we propose it follows that they are viewed as a dualism. Third, agents have causal power, and ultimate concerns which they try to fallibly to put into practice. We propose Entrepreneurship is the study of the interplay between the structures of a society and the agents within it the implications of fallibility is made explicit. Finally, we take issue with Sarason et al.'s argument for an interpretist epistemology We conclude that it appears to us that structuration theory is not the most useful theory to handle the nexus of opportunity and entrepreneurship. Rather a critical realist perspective, like Archer's morphogenesis, may be more appropriate

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Section: Sarasonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entrepreneurship as the structuration of individual and opportunity: A response using a critical realist perspective

Mole

2010

Journal of Business Venturing

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“…This approach represents a dualism between agency (individual action) and structure (of society) and a distinction between macro and micro level influences (Layder, 2006), but neglects meso level influences. Organizations are a particular type of social structure and there has long been a call for greater consideration of different levels of influence on organizational phenomena and the interplay between them (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting women to MD in investment banking: multi-level influences

Pryce

Sealy

2013

Gender in Management: An International Journal

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This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link AbstractPurpose: Women remain underrepresented at senior levels in global investment banks. By investigating promotion processes in this sector, and using the concept of a multi-level, relational framework, this paper seeks to examine macro, micro, and meso-level influences, and the interplay between them, as explanations for why more progress is not being made.Design/Approach: Data is taken from two projects with a total of 50 semi-structured interviews with male and female directors and managing directors, across six investment banks discussing careers and promotions. An inductive approach was taken to data analysis. Findings:Women's lack of representation at the top of investment banks is not simply an individual level problem but is the result of the dynamic interplay between macro and mesolevel influences which impact individual agency, identity and perception of fit. Research Limitations

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“…What we need is an approach that can justly claim some deeper understanding as well as more accurate predictions of future developments, and at the same time claim a more modest scope and incorporate more complexity and ambiguity (Virtanen, 2013). Anthropological approaches are particularly relevant at this level of ‗situated activity' (Layder, 2006), where (individual) actors draw from cultural repertoires of meaning to interpret what happens in their environment. This interpretation is -in Dilley's words --the act of creating connections‖, and context then just means -sets of connections construed as relevant to someone‖ (1999, p. 2).…”

Section: Abstract or Fragmented Why Is That?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a Cognitive Cultural Approach to Public Management Reform

Wierenga

Kamsteeg²

2018

JPAG

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This paper tries to give a preliminary theoretical and methodological answer to a rather complex question: how can we explain the diffusion of an organizational change initiative, inspired by New Public Management (NPM) against the background of the organizational context in which it is supposed to be implemented? The need of such an answer is demonstrated by an analysis of 281 NPM studies, which shows that NPM researchers often produce only abstract or fragmented analyses of the content of both context and change initiatives, and hardly address the question what exactly is to be changed in reality. Our argument is that we should develop an approach that starts from the workplace reality as interpreted by the organizational actors, which may help to fundamentally rethink the way in which NPM initiatives can be implemented successfully. To this end, we present a Cognitive Cultural (CC) approach. We show what results can be obtained by means of a CC research method, by presenting the main conclusions of two NPM case studies taken from the field of education. We then discuss how the CC approach yields substantial and reliable information for assessing the cognitive relevance of NPM reforms and their underlying elements. Finally, we shall give some suggestions how further research into NPM can benefit from the CC approach.

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Understanding Social Theory

Cited by 234 publications

References 0 publications

Entrepreneurship as the structuration of individual and opportunity: A response using a critical realist perspective

Entrepreneurship as the structuration of individual and opportunity: A response using a critical realist perspective

Promoting women to MD in investment banking: multi-level influences

Towards a Cognitive Cultural Approach to Public Management Reform

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