Cost metrics can include levelized costs of water treatment as well as individual cost components, such capital or operations and maintenance (O&M) costs.
Energy PerformanceEnergy performance metrics can include the total energy requirements of the water treatment process, the type of energy required (e.g., thermal vs. electricity), embedded energy in chemicals and materials, and the degree to which alternative energy resources are utilized.
Water Treatment PerformanceWater treatment performance metrics can include the percent removal of various contaminants of concern and the percent recovery of water from the treatment train.
Human Health and Environment ExternalitiesExternality metrics can include air emissions, greenhouse gas emissions, waste streams, societal and health impacts, land-use impacts.
Process AdaptabilityProcess adaptability metrics can include the ability to incorporate variable input water qualities, the ability to incorporate variable input water quantity flows, the ability to produce variable output water quality, and the ability to operate flexibly in response to variable energy inputs.