Understanding the diffusion wear mechanisms of WC-10%Co carbide tools during dry machining of titanium alloys

Ramirez, Christophe; Ismail, Idhil; Gendarme, Catherine; Dehmas, Moukrane; Aeby‐Gautier, Elisabeth; Poulachon, Gérard; Rossi, Frédéric

doi:10.1016/j.wear.2017.07.003

Cited by 60 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In the vacuum brazing process, due to the high content of the melting element in the "solder cloth", a large amount of Si and B diffused from the interface between the "carbide cloth" and "solder cloth" into the hard layer in order to achieve the balance of the element concentration in the coating, and the side of the interface near the "carbide cloth" became the "output end" of Si and B, resulting in a significant decrease in the melting point of the side. The melting point of WC is 2870 • C, so the separate WC particles did not undergo any transformation under vacuum conditions of 1100 • C, but they may form a dissolution after mixing with the metal matrix [21,22]. The affinity of Cr to C was higher than that of W and C, and W in WC could be preferentially replaced.…”

Section: Interface Morphology and Element Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Brazing Temperature on the Microstructure and Chosen Properties of WC–10Ni/NiCrBSi Composite Coatings Produced by Vacuum Cladding from Flexible Coated Cloths

Xu¹,

Ding²,

Xia³

et al. 2019

Coatings

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Three kinds of WC–10Ni/NiCrBSi composite coatings were prepared on the surface of Q235 carbon steel at 1015, 1055, and 1095 °C by vacuum brazing. The microstructure and properties of the composite coatings were investigated. The results showed that various reaction layers appeared at the bonding area of the coatings and the substrate. As the brazing temperature increased, the reaction layer between the solder and the hard phase gradually decreased and disappeared at 1095 °C. Simultaneously, the size of gray-white massive phases with a large amount of W in the brazing layer decreased gradually. When the brazing temperature increased, the Fe content markedly increased in the reaction layer of the matrix and the solder, indicating that the increase in brazing temperature was beneficial for metallurgical bonding between the coating and the substrate. Interface bonding strength and wear resistance were enhanced by the increase in brazing temperature; however, the microhardness of the composite coating section decreased. The interface bonding strength reached 362.9 MPa and the wear loss reached a minimum at 1095 °C.

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Section: Interface Morphology and Element Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Brazing Temperature on the Microstructure and Chosen Properties of WC–10Ni/NiCrBSi Composite Coatings Produced by Vacuum Cladding from Flexible Coated Cloths

Xu¹,

Ding²,

Xia³

et al. 2019

Coatings

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show abstract

“…This improvement was attributed to the formation of Al 2 O 3 . Ramirez et al [13] studied the diffusion wear behavior of WC-10 wt% Co tools during dry machining of commercial titanium alloys. A diffusion couple between the tool and the machined alloy revealed an early formation of the titanium carbide layer at the interface with more concentration at the titanium alloy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribological Characterization of Micron-/Nano-Sized WC-9%Co Cemented Carbides Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering at Elevated Temperatures

et al. 2019

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The present study investigates the high temperature tribological performance of spark plasma sintered, nano- and micron-sized tungsten carbide (WC) bonded by 9 wt.% cobalt (Co). The composites were fabricated using a two-step procedure of mixing followed by spark plasma sintering (SPS). Ball-on-disc wear tests were conducted at a normal load of 30 N, linear speed of 0.1 m/s under dry conditions and at three different temperatures (room temperature, 300 °C and 600 °C). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), optical profilometry and energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) spectroscopy were used to analyze the surface morphology and the wear track area. At room temperature, it was observed that the nano-sized WC composites exhibited better wear resistance than the micron-sized WC composites. The wear resistance of the nano-sized samples declined significantly relative to that of the micron-sized samples with an increase in temperature. This decline in performance was attributed to the higher surface area of nano-sized WC particles, which underwent rapid oxidation at elevated temperatures, resulting in poor wear resistance. The wear rate observed at 600 °C for the micron-sized WC composites was 75% lower than that of the nano-sized cemented carbide. Oxidative wear was observed to be the predominant wear mechanism for both cemented carbide samples at elevated temperatures.

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“…However, when a titanium alloy is machined, the tool wear may imply an important problem and different ways are proposed to solve it. Lack of thermal conductivity of the substrate has been observed for titanium alloys, in many cases interfering with the machining process development [14,15,16,17] and being replaced in some cases by coatings such as PCD to improve the tool life [14]. With the aim to improve the economic performance and the lack of uniformity of a large volume of coated tools types, a generic uncoated tool was used to carry out the machining tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Secondary Adhesion Wear Mechanism on Hard Machining of Titanium Aerospace Alloy

et al. 2019

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Titanium alloys are widely used in important manufacturing sectors such as the aerospace industry, internal components of motor or biomechanical components, for the development of functional prostheses. The relationship between mechanical properties and weight and its excellent biocompatibility have positioned this material among the most demanded for specific applications. However, it is necessary to consider the low machinability as a disadvantage in the titanium alloys features. This fact is especially due to the low thermal conductivity, producing significant increases in the temperature of the contact area during the machining process. In this aspect, one of the main objectives of strategic industries is focused on the improvement of the efficiency and the increase of the service life of the elements involved in the machining of this alloy. With the aim to understand the most relevant effects in the machinability of the Ti6Al4V alloy, an analysis is required of different variables of the machining process like tool wear evolution, based on secondary adhesion mechanisms, and the relation between surface roughness of the work-pieces with the cutting parameters. In this research work, a study on the machinability of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy has been performed. For that purpose, in a horizontal turning process, the influence of cutting tool wear effects has been evaluated on the surface finish of the machined element. As a result, parametric behavior models for average roughness (Ra) have been determined as a function of the machining parameters used.

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Understanding the diffusion wear mechanisms of WC-10%Co carbide tools during dry machining of titanium alloys

Abstract: ROSSI-Understanding the diffusion wear mechanisms of WC-10%Co carbide tools during dry machining of titanium alloys-Wear n°390-391, p.

Cited by 60 publications

References 39 publications

Effect of Brazing Temperature on the Microstructure and Chosen Properties of WC–10Ni/NiCrBSi Composite Coatings Produced by Vacuum Cladding from Flexible Coated Cloths

Effect of Brazing Temperature on the Microstructure and Chosen Properties of WC–10Ni/NiCrBSi Composite Coatings Produced by Vacuum Cladding from Flexible Coated Cloths

Tribological Characterization of Micron-/Nano-Sized WC-9%Co Cemented Carbides Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering at Elevated Temperatures

Analysis of Secondary Adhesion Wear Mechanism on Hard Machining of Titanium Aerospace Alloy

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