Understanding: the Drought Phenomenon: The Role of Definitions

Wilhite, Donald A.; Glantz, Michael H.

doi:10.1080/02508068508686328

Cited by 2,387 publications

(1,396 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Drought refers to meteorological drought-a defi cit of precipitation-rather than other forms of drought, such as water depletion caused by increasing demand. 28,29 Observational data suggest that many regions with a rising frequency of meteorological drought over the past 60 years overlap with crucial agricultural zones and regions where rapid population growth is expected-in particular, in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. 30,31 The analyses in the 2015 Lancet Commission 5 projected an additional 1·4 billion person drought exposure events per year by 2100, as a result of population growth and climate change.…”

Section: -15: Human Exposure To Extreme Weathermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lancet Countdown: tracking progress on health and climate change

et al. 2017

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The Lancet Countdown: tracking progress on health and climate change is an international, multidisciplinary research collaboration between academic institutions and practitioners across the world. It follows on from the work of the 2015 Lancet Commission, which concluded that the response to climate change could be "the greatest global health opportunity of the 21st century". The Lancet Countdown aims to track the health impacts of climate hazards; health resilience and adaptation; health co-benefi ts of climate change mitigation; economics and fi nance; and political and broader engagement. These focus areas form the fi ve thematic working groups of the Lancet Countdown and represent diff erent aspects of the complex association between health and climate change. These thematic groups will provide indicators for a global overview of health and climate change; national case studies highlighting countries leading the way or going against the trend; and engagement with a range of stakeholders. The Lancet Countdown ultimately aims to report annually on a series of indicators across these fi ve working groups. This paper outlines the potential indicators and indicator domains to be tracked by the collaboration, with suggestions on the methodologies and datasets available to achieve this end. The proposed indicator domains require further refi nement, and mark the beginning of an ongoing consultation process-from November, 2016 to early 2017-to develop these domains, identify key areas not currently covered, and change indicators where necessary. This collaboration will actively seek to engage with existing monitoring processes, such as the UN Sustainable Development Goals and WHO's climate and health country profi les. The indicators will also evolve over time through ongoing collaboration with experts and a range of stakeholders, and be dependent on the emergence of new evidence and knowledge. During the course of its work, the Lancet Countdown will adopt a collaborative and iterative process, which aims to complement existing initiatives, welcome engagement with new partners, and be open to developing new research projects on health and climate change.

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Section: -15: Human Exposure To Extreme Weathermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lancet Countdown: tracking progress on health and climate change

et al. 2017

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“…Multiple indicators are required to track the various types of drought, which include 1) meteorological drought, describing short-term precipitation deficits; 2) agricultural drought, reflecting rootzone soil moisture deficits and impacts on crop yields; 3) hydrologic drought, which affects streamflow, groundwater tables, and reservoir levels, and occurs and recovers over much longer time scales (months to years); and 4) socioeconomic drought, incorporating the concept of water supply and demand (Wilhite and Glantz 1985). Online access to current and historical USDM (http:// www.drought.unl.edu/dm/) and drought impact reports (http://droughtreporter.unl.edu/) is provided by the National Drought Mitigation Center (NDMC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Drought Indices Based on Thermal Remote Sensing of Evapotranspiration over the Continental United States

et al. 2011

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The reliability of standard meteorological drought indices based on measurements of precipitation is limited by the spatial distribution and quality of currently available rainfall data. Furthermore, they reflect only one component of the surface hydrologic cycle, and they cannot readily capture nonprecipitation-based moisture inputs to the land surface system (e.g., irrigation) that may temper drought impacts or variable rates of water consumption across a landscape. This study assesses the value of a new drought index based on remote sensing of evapotranspiration (ET). The evaporative stress index (ESI) quantifies anomalies in the ratio of actual to potential ET (PET), mapped using thermal band imagery from geostationary satellites. The study investigates the behavior and response time scales of the ESI through a retrospective comparison with the standardized precipitation indices and Palmer drought index suite, and with drought classifications recorded in the U.S. Drought Monitor for the 2000–09 growing seasons. Spatial and temporal correlation analyses suggest that the ESI performs similarly to short-term (up to 6 months) precipitation-based indices but can be produced at higher spatial resolution and without requiring any precipitation data. Unique behavior is observed in the ESI in regions where the evaporative flux is enhanced by moisture sources decoupled from local rainfall: for example, in areas of intense irrigation or shallow water table. Normalization by PET serves to isolate the ET signal component responding to soil moisture variability from variations due to the radiation load. This study suggests that the ESI is a useful complement to the current suite of drought indicators, with particular added value in parts of the world where rainfall data are sparse or unreliable.

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“…Kıyı kesimlerinde deniz ve iç kesimlerinde karasal iklim özellikleri görülen havzanın yıllık ortalama yağış yüksekliği 446 mm olup toplam yağış alanı da 78646 km 2 …”

Section: çAlışma Alanı Ve Verilerunclassified

“…Meteorolojik kuraklık, tarımsal kuraklık, hidrolojik kuraklık ve sosyo-ekonomik kuraklık olmak üzere literatürde dört tip kuraklık tanımlanmaktadır [2]. Kuraklık, meteorolojik kuraklık olarak başlar ve sonra meteorolojik kuraklık tarımsal ve hidrolojik kuraklıklara neden olabilir.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Standart Yağiş İndi̇si̇ Yöntemi̇ İle Kizilirmak Havzasi'nin Meteoroloji̇k Kuraklik Anali̇zi̇

Arslan

Bilgil²,

Veske³

2016

Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi

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ÖZKızılırmak Havzası, Fırat-Dicle Havzası'ndan sonra Türkiye'nin en büyük havzasıdır ve Türkiye'nin en uzun nehrine (Kızılırmak Nehri) METEOROLOGICAL DROUGHT ANALYSIS IN KIZILIRMAK BASIN USING STANDARDIZED PRECIPITATION INDEX METHOD ABSTRACTKızılırmak Basin is the largest basin in Turkey after Fırat-Dicle Basin and has the longest river of Turkey (Kızılırmak River). The basin is surrounded by West Karadeniz and Sakarya Basins in the west, Yeşilırmak Basin in the east, Konya Closed Basin in the southwest, and Seyhan and Fırat-Dicle Basins in the southeast. Drought analysis is important for the planning and management of water resources. In this study, droughts occurred in Kızılırmak Basin between the years 1973 and 2013 were investigated by using standardized precipitation index (SPI) method. SPI values of Kızılırmak Basin were calculated for 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 60-month time scales and 60-month time scale was used for the first time for drought analysis of Kızılırmak Basin based on SPI. When compared with the droughts in the past, important increases in the durations of the last droughts occurred in the basin were determined for 12 and 60-month time scales.

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Understanding: the Drought Phenomenon: The Role of Definitions

Cited by 2,387 publications

References 9 publications

The Lancet Countdown: tracking progress on health and climate change

The Lancet Countdown: tracking progress on health and climate change

Evaluation of Drought Indices Based on Thermal Remote Sensing of Evapotranspiration over the Continental United States

Standart Yağiş İndi̇si̇ Yöntemi̇ İle Kizilirmak Havzasi'nin Meteoroloji̇k Kuraklik Anali̇zi̇

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