Understanding the effects of electromagnetic field emissions from Marine Renewable Energy Devices (MREDs) on the commercially important edible crab, Cancer pagurus (L.)

Scott, K. J.; Harsanyi, Petra; Lyndon, Alastair Robert

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.04.062

Cited by 41 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…the Red King crab, Paralithodes camtschaticus 57 , amphipods 58,59 , and an isopod 60 . Furthermore electromagnets have been shown to affect shelter choice, roaming activity and hormone levels in the edible crab, Cancer pagurus 61 . To understand the importance of the effect of the EMF on the behaviour of H. americanus, knowledge of the physiological ability and ecological importance of magneto-reception in H. americanus is required.…”

Section: Height From Seabed Yesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic electromagnetic fields (EMF) influence the behaviour of bottom-dwelling marine species

Hutchison

Gill

Sigray

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Many marine animals have evolved sensory abilities to use electric and magnetic cues in essential aspects of life history, such as to detect prey, predators and mates as well as to orientate and migrate. Potential disruption of vital cues by human activities must be understood in order to mitigate potential negative influences. Cable deployments in coastal waters are increasing worldwide, in capacity and number, owing to growing demands for electrical power and telecommunications. Increasingly, the local electromagnetic environment used by electro-and magneto-sensitive species will be altered. We quantified biologically relevant behavioural responses of the presumed, magneto-receptive American lobster and the electro-sensitive Little skate to electromagnetic field (EMF) emissions of a subsea high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission cable for domestic electricity supply. We demonstrate a striking increase in exploratory/foraging behaviour in skates in response to EMF and a more subtle exploratory response in lobsters. In addition, by directly measuring both the magnetic and electric field components of the EMF emitted by HVDC cables we found that there were DC and unexpectedly AC components. Modelling, restricted to the DC component, showed good agreement with measured results. Our cross-disciplinary study highlights the need to integrate an understanding of the natural and anthropogenic EMF environment together with the responses of sensitive animals when planning future cable deployments and predicting their environmental effects. Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) pervade the whole of the earth's environment and have been present throughout evolution of life on earth. The most dominant natural EMFs in the marine environment are the Earth's geomagnetic field (25-65 µT) and motionally induced electric fields, resulting from conductive seawater moving through the geomagnetic field 1. Organisms themselves also emit important but weak bioelectric fields resulting from cellular processes and muscular movements 2. Electromagnetic (EM) senses in marine animals have evolved multiple times across many taxa with a variety of, and sometimes multiple, sensory systems including magnetite-based, photo-chemical mechanisms, lateral lines and ampullae of Lorenzini 3,4. Magneto-sensitive animals respond to small changes in the inclination, intensity and/or direction of a magnetic field 4. They employ either a magnetic compass and/or magnetic map enabling homing and/or migration over short and long distances 5. Electro-sensitive species are able to detect weak electric fields used to detect prey and predators, to communicate, find mates and/or locally orientate 6. Electro-sensitive species are also able to respond to magnetic fields using electro-sensory apparatus and some species may have both electro and magneto-sensory apparatus 7. While we are still trying to understand the mechanisms involved in EM-sensing 4,7 , the functional roles are clearly of fundamental ecological importance. Interference with animal's sensory abiliti...

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Section: Height From Seabed Yesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic electromagnetic fields (EMF) influence the behaviour of bottom-dwelling marine species

Hutchison

Gill

Sigray

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, attraction for magnet-equipped shelters was observed in two separate experimental studies in the edible crab (Cancer pagurus) and the spiny cheek crayfish (Orconectes limosus, freshwater species) (2.8 mT DC for 7 h or 800 µT DC for 24 h, respectively) (Scott et al, 2018;Tanski et al, 2005). The side selection behaviour displayed by C. pagurus under control conditions disappeared when one side of the tank was exposed to a magnetic field (3 electromagnets, 2.8 mT DC for 24 h).…”

Section: Assessing Attraction or Repulsion Towards Artificial Magnetimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Until now, only the work of Scott et al (2018) and Bochert and Zettler (2006) described an integrative approach for assessing artificial magnetic field effects by coupling the measurements of physiological and behavioural parameters, with an emphasis on stressrelated parameters, physiological mechanisms involved in circadian rhythms, cellular division, reproduction, and development.…”

Section: Physiological Responses Of the Epifauna To Artificial Magnetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, no changes have been reported in the oxygen consumption rate of adults of North Sea (Crangon crangon) and Baltic prawns (Palaemon squilla) and juveniles of edible crab (Cancer pagurus) during magnetic field treatments (prawns: 3.2 mT DC or 50 Hz AC over 3 h; edible crab: 2.8 mT over 6 h) (Bochert and Zettler, 2006;Scott et al, 2018). However, for C. pagurus, the normal night-time increases in D-Lactate and D-Glucose concentrations in haemolymph were no longer observed in exposed juveniles (Scott et al, 2018). One possible explanation proposed by the authors could be linked to a pause in the secretion of melatonin, a neuropeptide involved in biological rhythms.…”

Section: Effects On Stress-related Parameters and Circadian Rhythmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When considering behavioural responses, field studies mainly conducted on teleost fish species revealed no evidence that magnetic fields act as permanent barriers to long-range migrations of either Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), green sturgeon (Acipenser medirostris), or European eel (Anguilla Anguilla) (Klimley et al, 2016;Öhman et al, 2007;Westerberg and Lagenfelt, 2008;Wyman et al, 2018). Testing the attraction-repulsion towards magnetic fields has been a goal for other studies, and these produced contrasting results between members of taxonomic groups (i.e., crustaceans, molluscs, fish, elasmobranchs, polychaetes) and different species (e.g., Bevelhimer et al, 2015Bevelhimer et al, , 2013Cada et al, 2011;Gill et al, 2009;Hutchison et al, 2018;Jakubowska et al, 2019;Scott et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A current synthesis on the effects of electric and magnetic fields emitted by submarine power cables on invertebrates

Albert

Deschamps²,

Jolivet³

et al. 2020

Marine Environmental Research

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Understanding the effects of electromagnetic field emissions from Marine Renewable Energy Devices (MREDs) on the commercially important edible crab, Cancer pagurus (L.)

Cited by 41 publications

References 52 publications

Anthropogenic electromagnetic fields (EMF) influence the behaviour of bottom-dwelling marine species

Anthropogenic electromagnetic fields (EMF) influence the behaviour of bottom-dwelling marine species

A current synthesis on the effects of electric and magnetic fields emitted by submarine power cables on invertebrates

Can artificial magnetic fields alter the functional role of the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis?

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