Understanding the effects of individual awareness and vector controls on malaria transmission dynamics using multiple optimal control

Effect of awareness, quarantine and vaccination as control strategies on COVID-19 with Co-morbidity and Re-infection

“…In this paper, we consider a quadratic objective functional which includes pre-symptomatic individuals, asymptomatic infected individuals having no co-morbidity, symptomatic infected individuals having no co-morbidity, asymptomatic infected individuals having co-morbidity and symptomatic infected individuals having co-morbidity along with the four controls u 1 , u 2 , u 3 and u 4 . Quadratic objective functional is considered due to the fact that intervention is non-linear in its nature ( Ndii and Adi, 2021 ). In fact, quadratic control is a common form of an objective functional in an optimal control problem and is frequently used in the literature ( Ndii and Adi, 2021 , Alemneh and Alemu, 2021 , Kim et al., 2018 , Shen et al., 2021 , Majumder et al., 2022 , Zamir et al., 2021 , Omame et al., 2020 , Li and Guo, 2022 ).…”

“…Quadratic objective functional is considered due to the fact that intervention is non-linear in its nature ( Ndii and Adi, 2021 ). In fact, quadratic control is a common form of an objective functional in an optimal control problem and is frequently used in the literature ( Ndii and Adi, 2021 , Alemneh and Alemu, 2021 , Kim et al., 2018 , Shen et al., 2021 , Majumder et al., 2022 , Zamir et al., 2021 , Omame et al., 2020 , Li and Guo, 2022 ). Thus we have the following objective functional …”

Optimal control and cost-effectiveness analysis for a COVID-19 model with individual protection awareness

“…Ndii et al. [39] discussed a mathematical model of absence and presence of awareness programs and vector control for malaria. Results of the model showed that the public’s awareness of taking preventive measures can effectively reduce the contact with mosquitoes, and indirectly control the occurrence of diseases.…”

An Optimal Control Model to Understand the Potential Impact of the New Vaccine and Transmission-Blocking Drugs for Malaria: A Case Study in Papua and West Papua, Indonesia

“…In a more recent mathematical model, authors include more recent facts on malaria transmission such as the effect of vector-bias [ 18 ], asymptotic carriers [ 19 ], age-structured [ 20 ], competitive strains [ 21 ], seasonal factor [ 22 , 23 ], and coinfection of malaria with COVID-19 [ 24 ]. Furthermore, intervention models also have been widely introduced by authors, such as the use of fumigation [ 25 ], insecticide-treated bed nets [ 26 ], and vaccines with waning immunity [ 27 ], or transmission-blocking vaccines [ 28 ].…”