Understanding the gut–kidney axis in nephrolithiasis: an analysis of the gut microbiota composition and functionality of stone formers

Ticinesi, Andrea; Milani, Christian; Guerra, Angela; Allegri, Franca; Lauretani, Fulvio; Nouvenne, Antonio; Mancabelli, Leonardo; Lugli, Gabriele Andrea; Turroni, Francesca; Duranti, Sabrina; Mangifesta, Marta; Viappiani, Alice; Ferrario, Chiara; Dodi, Rossella; Dall’Asta, Margherita; Rio, Daniele Del; Ventura, Marco; Meschi, Tiziana

doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2017-315734

Cited by 139 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The confounders were adjusted using multiple logistic regression analysis. The criteria of controls was according to our previous published study and other studies [3,13].…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium Kidney Stones are Associated with Increased Risk of Carotid Atherosclerosis: The Link between Urinary Stone Risks, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, and Oxidative Stress Markers

Huang

Liao

Liu

2020

JCM

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Previous studies have suggested that kidney stone formers are associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events. To our knowledge, there have been no previous examinations of the relationship between carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and urinary stone risk factors. This study was aimed toward an investigation of the association between dyslipidemia, IMT, and 24-hour urinalysis in patients with calcium oxalate (CaOx) or calcium phosphate (CaP) stones. We prospectively enrolled 114 patients with kidney stones and 33 controls between January 2016 and August 2016. All patients were divided into four groups, according to the stone compositions-CaOx ≥ 50% group, CaP group, struvite group, and uric acid stones group. Carotid IMT and the carotid score (CS) were evaluated using extracranial carotid artery doppler ultrasonography. The results of a multivariate analysis indicated that a higher serum total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were all associated with lower urinary citrate and higher CS in both the CaOx ≥ 50% and CaP groups. Higher serum TC and LDL were also associated with increased serum 8-OHdG levels in both groups. The levels of carotid IMT and CS in the CaOx ≥ 50% and CaP groups were all significantly higher than in the controls. These findings suggest a strong link between dyslipidemia, carotid atherosclerosis, and calcium kidney stone disease.

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“…The confounders were adjusted using multiple logistic regression analysis. The criteria of controls was according to our previous published study and other studies [3,13].…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium Kidney Stones are Associated with Increased Risk of Carotid Atherosclerosis: The Link between Urinary Stone Risks, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, and Oxidative Stress Markers

Huang

Liao

Liu

2020

JCM

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“…Enteric hyperoxaluria results when calcium is instead chelated by free fatty acids as a result of fat malabsorp tion, thereby leading to a high concentra tion of free oxalate and increased oxalate absorption. There has been recent inter est in the role that the gut microbiome (in particular Oxalobacter formigenes) plays in enteric oxalate degradation, which prevents absorption from ever occurring (9). Additionally, an increase in oxalate in both mechanical obstructive tubular injury as well as inflammatory injury from necroptosis that results from indigestible crystals in phagolysosomes.…”

Section: Implications Of Stiripentol For Oxaluriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactate dehydrogenase 5: identification of a druggable target to reduce oxaluria

Stevens¹,

Al‐Awqati²

2019

Journal of Clinical Investigation

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“…Composition and functionality of the human gut microbiota are correlated with kidney stones. The fecal microbiota of kidney stones formers showed reduced biodiversity and reduced expression of genes involved in oxalate degradation (Ticinesi et al, 2018). Oxalate-metabolizing gut bacteria have an important function in limiting oxalate absorption and reduce oxalate levels (Robijn et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis of the gut microbiota composition and the functionality of kidney stones in patients shows that there is a gut-kidney axis in the modulation of kidney stones formation, which is not limited to O. formigenes; however, OXC is still the pivotal enzyme for oxalate degradation (Ticinesi et al, 2018). Taking advantage of a multitude of bacterial genomes and metagenomes that have been sequenced, we analyzed presence, classification, and phylogenesis of OXC in various organisms in the current study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundance, Functional, and Evolutionary Analysis of Oxalyl-Coenzyme A Decarboxylase in Human Microbiota

et al. 2020

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Oxalic acid and its oxalate salts have been linked to kidney stones and other health problems and about 80% kidney stones are made up of calcium oxalate. Oxalyl coenzyme A decarboxylase (OXC) is a key enzyme in the catabolism of oxalate. In this study, we performed bioinformatic and biochemical analysis of OXC. First, we mined the OXC sequences from a public protein database and collected 1396 putative OXC sequences. These sequences were widely spread and mainly distributed in Actinobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Betaproteobacteria and classified into seven clusters. The phylogenetic relationship and evolutionary rate of the 7 clusters showed that OXC are highly conserved. Second, the abundance of the different clusters of OXC was explored in 380 human microbiome datasets, which showed that OXCs in Cluster 1 were relatively high in the gut while OXCs in Clusters 2-4 were relatively enriched in the vagina. Third, we measured the activity of one OXC from Mycobacterium mageritense (OXCmm) in Cluster 3, in which there was no experimentally characterized enzymes. Mutation analysis showed that OXCmm shared the same active sites with the OXC from Oxalobacter formigenes. Taken together, this analysis provides a better insight into the distribution and catalysis of OXC and further potential alternative application of OXC active bacteria as probiotics in the management of kidney stone disease.

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Understanding the gut–kidney axis in nephrolithiasis: an analysis of the gut microbiota composition and functionality of stone formers

Abstract: Idiopathic calcium SFs exhibited altered gut microbiota composition and functionality that could contribute to nephrolithiasis physiopathology.

Cited by 139 publications

References 46 publications

Calcium Kidney Stones are Associated with Increased Risk of Carotid Atherosclerosis: The Link between Urinary Stone Risks, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, and Oxidative Stress Markers

Calcium Kidney Stones are Associated with Increased Risk of Carotid Atherosclerosis: The Link between Urinary Stone Risks, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, and Oxidative Stress Markers

Lactate dehydrogenase 5: identification of a druggable target to reduce oxaluria

Abundance, Functional, and Evolutionary Analysis of Oxalyl-Coenzyme A Decarboxylase in Human Microbiota

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