Understanding the hot isostatic pressing effectiveness of laser powder bed fusion Ti-6Al-4V by in-situ X-ray imaging and diffraction experiments

Mishurova, Tatiana; Evsevleev, Sergei; Piault, Pierre; King, Andrew; Henry, Laura; Bruno, Giovanni

doi:10.1038/s41598-023-45258-1

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 45 publications

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“…Post processing heat treatments are a common method [ 6 ] employed to alleviate residual stress [ 2 , 16 ] within the part. To reduce degradation of mechanical properties from porosity, many metallic parts in L-PBF undergo thermal treatments such as hot isostatic pressing [ 25 – 27 ]. The goal of these heat treatments is to prevent warpage, cracks, and increase mechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive manufacturing inert gas flow path strategies for multi-laser powder bed fusion systems and their impact on lattice structure mechanical responses

Philips,

Tetteh,

Di Prima

et al. 2024

3D Print Med

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Multi-laser Additive Manufacturing systems hold great potential to increase productivity. However, adding multiple energy sources to a powder bed fusion system requires careful selection of a laser scan and inert gas flow strategy to optimize component performance. In this work, we explore four different laser scan and argon flow strategies on the quasi-static compressive mechanical response of Body Centered Cubic lattices. Three strategies employ a swim lane method where laser pathing tends to progress parallel to argon flow. Method one only uses a single laser while method two uses four, both with the laser path working against the argon flow. The third method uses four lasers, each operating in their own lane like the second method, but the laser pathing progresses with the argon flow. The fourth method has all four lasers operating in quadrants and the laser pathing trends against the argon flow.The single-laser strategy generally had the lowest mechanical responses compared to the other three strategies. A quadrant strategy generally had the highest quasi-static mechanical responses and was at least 25% greater in stiffness, yield force, ultimate force, and energy absorption when compared to the single laser strategy. However, the four-laser swim strategy where the laser pathing tends against the argon flow was found to be statistically similar to the quadrant strategy. It is hypothesized that spatter introduced onto the powder layer from the melt pool and particle entrainment may be worse for laser pathing which trends with the argon flow direction. Additionally, the additional energy added to the build volume helps to mitigate inter-layer cool time which reduces temperature gradients. This shows that multi-laser AM systems have an impact on part performance and potentially shows lattices built with multi-laser AM systems may have certain advantages over single-laser AM systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive manufacturing inert gas flow path strategies for multi-laser powder bed fusion systems and their impact on lattice structure mechanical responses

Philips,

Tetteh,

Di Prima

et al. 2024

3D Print Med

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Recent advances on defects, microstructures and mechanical properties of additively manufactured titanium alloys

Li,

Liu,

et al. 2025

Materials Today Communications

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Fatigue Crack Segmentation and Characterization of Additively Manufactured Ti‐6Al‐4V Using X‐Ray Computed Tomography

Hejazi,

Compart,

Fritsch

et al. 2024

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

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X‐ray computed tomography (XCT) is extremely useful for the non‐destructive analysis of additively manufactured (AM) components. AM components often show manufacturing defects such as lack‐of‐fusion (LoF), which are detrimental to the fatigue life of components. To better understand how cracks initiate and propagate from internal defects, we fabricated Ti‐6Al‐4V samples with an internal cavity using electron beam powder bed fusion. The samples were tested in high‐cycle and very high‐cycle fatigue regimes. XCT was used to locate crack initiation sites and to determine characteristic properties of cracks and defects with the aid of deep learning segmentation. LoF defects exposed to the outer surface of the samples after machining were found to be as detrimental to fatigue life as the internal artificial defects. This work can benefit industries that utilize the AM of high‐strength, lightweight alloys, in the design and manufacturing of components to improve part reliability and fatigue life.

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Understanding the hot isostatic pressing effectiveness of laser powder bed fusion Ti-6Al-4V by in-situ X-ray imaging and diffraction experiments

Cited by 6 publications

References 45 publications

Additive manufacturing inert gas flow path strategies for multi-laser powder bed fusion systems and their impact on lattice structure mechanical responses

Additive manufacturing inert gas flow path strategies for multi-laser powder bed fusion systems and their impact on lattice structure mechanical responses

Recent advances on defects, microstructures and mechanical properties of additively manufactured titanium alloys

Fatigue Crack Segmentation and Characterization of Additively Manufactured Ti‐6Al‐4V Using X‐Ray Computed Tomography

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