Understanding the Interplay of Dietary Intake and Eating Behavior in Type 2 Diabetes

Gal, Ana Maria; Iatcu, Camelia Oana; Popa, Alina Delia; Arhire, Lidia Iuliana; Mihalache, Laura; Gherasim, Andreea; Nita, Otilia; Soimaru, Raluca Meda; Gheorghita, Roxana; Graur, Mariana; Covasa, Mihai

doi:10.3390/nu16060771

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 74 publications

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“…Furthermore, we observed a noteworthy influence of external eating on various anthropometric phenotypes within the GWAS cohorts. These results were consistent with the prior literature documenting associations between the three DEBQ subscales and weight-related characteristics, including weight at 20 years, weight in adulthood, and BMI [ 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 ]. A counterintuitive inverse relationship between external eating and weight and BMI has also been found in population-based studies of adolescents [ 73 ] and in adults with long-standing type 2 diabetes [ 74 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Mendelian Randomization Analysis Identifies Inverse Causal Relationship between External Eating and Metabolic Phenotypes

Timasheva,

Balkhiyarova,

Avzaletdinova

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Disordered eating contributes to weight gain, obesity, and type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the precise mechanisms underlying the development of different eating patterns and connecting them to specific metabolic phenotypes remain unclear. We aimed to identify genetic variants linked to eating behaviour and investigate its causal relationships with metabolic traits using Mendelian randomization (MR). We tested associations between 30 genetic variants and eating patterns in individuals with T2D from the Volga-Ural region and investigated causal relationships between variants associated with eating patterns and various metabolic and anthropometric traits using data from the Volga-Ural population and large international consortia. We detected associations between HTR1D and CDKAL1 and external eating; between HTR2A and emotional eating; between HTR2A, NPY2R, HTR1F, HTR3A, HTR2C, CXCR2, and T2D. Further analyses in a separate group revealed significant associations between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the loci in CRP, ADCY3, GHRL, CDKAL1, BDNF, CHRM4, CHRM1, HTR3A, and AKT1 genes. MR results demonstrated an inverse causal relationship between external eating and glycated haemoglobin levels in the Volga-Ural sample. External eating influenced anthropometric traits such as body mass index, height, hip circumference, waist circumference, and weight in GWAS cohorts. Our findings suggest that eating patterns impact both anthropometric and metabolic traits.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Mendelian Randomization Analysis Identifies Inverse Causal Relationship between External Eating and Metabolic Phenotypes

Timasheva,

Balkhiyarova,

Avzaletdinova

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Emotional Eating Is Associated with T2DM in an Urban Turkish Population: A Pilot Study Utilizing Social Media

Kristo,

İzler,

Grosskopf

et al. 2024

Diabetology

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Lifestyle behaviors and their potential effects on diabetes are being investigated for optimal diabetes management. In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the necessary dietary modifications extend to psychological components for consideration. This study aimed to determine the eating behavior of T2DM patients with different sociodemographic characteristics in an urban Turkish population. The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) was distributed via social media and a smartphone application to 108 T2DM patients, 58 males and 50 females, age 26–40 years (20 individuals, 18.6%) and over 40 years (88 individuals, 81.4 %). Basic component factor analysis varimax rotation was used for the item-total correlation coefficient. The 26–40 years age group exhibited high correlation for both restrained and emotional eating behavior (r > 0.8), while participants over 40 years displayed medium correlation for restrained eating and high correlation for emotional eating (r = 0.6–0.8). Compared to married and single participants, participants with “other” marital status showed significant correlation with all eating behavior categories (r > 0.8). Married participants were less correlated with all categories compared to single participants. Participants with lower education levels exhibited high correlation (r > 0.8) for all forms of eating, more so compared to those with higher levels of education attained. Overweight patients demonstrated moderately high (r = 0.4–0.6) restrictive eating correlation, while normal weight and obese patients exhibited higher correlation (r = 0.6–0.8) for emotional and restrained eating compared to overweight patients. Regardless of demographic factors, when all participants were combined, the strongest correlation was found to be with emotional eating compared to other types of eating.

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Association between Diet Quality and Eating Behavior in Type 2 Diabetes Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Gal,

Arhire,

Gherasim

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a global epidemic. To effectively control T2DM, individuals must adhere to a high-quality diet that encompasses not only healthy dietary patterns but also promotes positive eating behaviors. We conducted a cross-sectional study on 314 patients with T2DM, and we evaluated the diet quality and also examined the associations between eating behavior, diet quality, and anthropometric and clinical factors in T2DM patients. We used the Diet Quality Index-International and Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire to assess dietary characteristics. We found that women had a significantly higher diet quality than men (61.40 vs. 58.68, p = 0.002) but were also more prone to emotional eating (2.00 vs. 1.53, p < 0.001) and restrained eating (2.39 vs. 2.05, p = 0.002). Restrained eating correlated with duration of diabetes (r = −0.169, p = 0.003), body mass index (r = 0.182, p = 0.001), and external eating with glycated hemoglobin (r = 0.114, p = 0.044). Patients with emotional eating had a higher vitamin C adequacy score (β = 0.117, p = 0.045). External eating was positively associated with grain adequacy (β = 0.208, p < 0.001) and negatively associated with empty-calorie food moderation score (β = −0.125, p = 0.032). For restrained eating, we found associations with vitamin C adequacy (β = −0.138, p = 0.017) and fruit adequacy (β = 0.125, p = 0.033). In conclusion, the results of this study provide valuable insight into dietary behavior and emphasize the importance of promoting healthy eating habits for T2DM patients.

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Understanding the Interplay of Dietary Intake and Eating Behavior in Type 2 Diabetes

Cited by 3 publications

References 74 publications

Mendelian Randomization Analysis Identifies Inverse Causal Relationship between External Eating and Metabolic Phenotypes

Mendelian Randomization Analysis Identifies Inverse Causal Relationship between External Eating and Metabolic Phenotypes

Emotional Eating Is Associated with T2DM in an Urban Turkish Population: A Pilot Study Utilizing Social Media

Association between Diet Quality and Eating Behavior in Type 2 Diabetes Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

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