Understanding the Network Bases of ADHD: An Overview of the fMRI Evidence

Cortese, Samuele

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-59797-9_16

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 38 publications

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“…Our findings align well with previous studies investigating FC in these disorders. For instance, prior SZ studies reported decreased FCs in brain regions primarily located in the DAN ( 35 ), FPN ( 36 , 37 ), and SMN ( 38 ); BD studies found aberrant FCs in the DMN ( 39 ), FPN ( 40 ), and VAN ( 41 ); and ADHD studies identified hyperactivity in the VSN ( 32 , 42 ). If the previous research results are compared to “pictures,” the results of this study are more like the “videos” corresponding to these pictures, which may own more information.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormal temporal variability of rich-club organization in three major psychiatric conditions

Niu,

Guo,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Front. Psychiatry

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IntroductionConvergent evidence has demonstrated a shared rich-club reorganization across multiple major psychiatric conditions. However, previous studies assessing altered functional couplings between rich-club regions have typically focused on the mean time series from entire functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning session, neglecting their time-varying properties.MethodsIn this study, we aim to explore the common and/or unique alterations in the temporal variability of rich-club organization among schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We employed a temporal rich-club (TRC) approach to quantitatively assess the propensity of well-connected nodes to form simultaneous and stable structures in a temporal network derived from resting-state fMRI data of 156 patients with major psychiatric disorders (SZ/BD/ADHD = 71/45/40) and 172 healthy controls. We executed the TRC workflow at both whole-brain and subnetwork scales across varying network sparsity, sliding window strategies, lengths and steps of sliding windows, and durations of TRC coefficients.ResultsThe SZ and BD groups displayed significantly decreased TRC coefficients compared to corresponding HC groups at the whole-brain scale and in most subnetworks. In contrast, the ADHD group exhibited reduced TRC coefficients in longer durations, as opposed to shorter durations, which markedly differs from the SZ and BD groups. These findings reveal both transdiagnostic and illness-specific patterns in temporal variability of rich-club organization across SZ, BD, and ADHD.DiscussionTRC may serve as an effective metric for detecting brain network disruptions in particular states, offering novel insights and potential biomarkers into the neurobiological basis underpinning the behavioral and cognitive deficits observed in these disorders.

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