“…IVR can instantly teleport students from a traditional classroom to any hard‐to‐reach or faraway locations in a virtual world (Jang, Vitale, Jyung, & Black, 2017; Prensky, 2016; Shen, Ho, Kuo, & Luong, 2017). Nevertheless, developing 3‐dimensional animation‐based IVR is quite costly, technically demanding and time‐consuming (Jong et al , 2019; Liu, Dede, Huang, & Richards, 2017), thus impeding its prevalent adoption in education, especially in school education (Geng, Chai, Jong, & Luk, 2019). As a subset of IVR, spherical video‐based IVR (hereinafter referred to as SV‐IVR ) offers educators an inexpensive and viable alternative to incorporate IVR experiences in educational processes (Elmezeny, Edenhofer, & Wimmer, 2018; Sato & Kageto, 2018).…”