Understanding the Psychosocial Needs of Women who Present with Advanced Breast Cancer

Abstract

Introduction: Advanced breast cancer (ABC) remains common in Singapore. In 2019, 22.1% of breast cancer patients presented with ABC in our institution. Despite increasing affluence and the advent of national mammographic screening, the incidence of ABC has not changed significantly. This suggests inherent differences in women who present late. We aim to explore the socio-economic background, knowledge and attitudes of women who present with ABC. Methods: Between December 2013 and July 2015, 100 patients who presented consecutively with ABC in a tertiary institution in Singapore were recruited to participate in an interviewer-led questionnaire exploring psychosocial and economic issues. Results: Among the 100 patients, 63 and 37 presented with stages 3 and 4 breast cancer respectively. Median age was 57 (27–86), 52% had at least secondary education, 53% had no formal employment and 71% were married; 88% were aware of breast cancer symptoms, 82% were aware that mammography can help detect cancer, 82% believed that current treatment modality for breast cancer is effective, 96% had never undergone a mammography and 52.9% felt mammograms were unnecessary. A total of 64% presented symptomatic from the breast tumour, with a median duration of 3 months. Many of the patients were aware of breast cancer symptoms and the utility of mammography. However, a group of patients did not comply with screening. This may be due to poor understanding about breast screening and detection in its asymptomatic phase. Conclusion: Further public education to improve understanding of breast cancer and screening mammography may help to improve rates for earlier detection of breast cancer. Keywords: Education, general surgery, non-localised, psychology, screening

Psychometric Properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 in Patients With Breast Cancer

“…Considering that depressive symptoms can be heterogeneous, factors of depressive symptoms may vary according to the characteristics such as sex, race, education level [ 43 , 44 ]. As breast cancer primarily affects female patients, women bear the brunt of the challenges posed by this specific cancer [ 46 , 47 ]. Moreover, the survival period for breast cancer is typically long, leading to various concerns about life [ 48 ].…”

“…43,44 As breast cancer primarily affects female patients, women bear the brunt of the challenges posed by this specific cancer. 46,47 Moreover, the survival period for breast cancer is typically long, leading to various concerns about life. 48 Particularly, young breast cancer patients face substantial challenges, particularly relating to self-image and parenting concerns.…”