Understanding the role of oxidative stress in the incidence of metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea

Abstract

Background Understanding the causes and risk factors of metabolic syndrome is important for promoting population health. Oxidative stress has been associated with metabolic syndrome, and also obstructive sleep apnea. These are two diseases which have common prognostic characteristics for heart disease. The aim of this study was to examine the role of oxidative stress in the concurrent presence of metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea in a working population. Methods Participants were 163 artisan bakers in Shahroud, Iran, routinely exposed to significant heat stress and other oxidative stress indicators on a daily basis as part of their work. Using a cross-sectional design, data relevant to determining metabolic syndrome status according to International Diabetes Federation criteria, and the presence of obstructive sleep apnea according to the STOP-Bang score, was collected. Analyses included hierarchical binary logistic regression to yield predictors of the two diseases. Results Hierarchical binary logistic regression showed that oxidative stress – alongside obesity, no regular exercise, and smoking – was an independent predictor of metabolic syndrome, but not obstructive sleep apnea. Participants who were obese were 28 times more likely to have metabolic syndrome (OR 28.59, 95% CI 4.91–63.02) and 44 times more likely to have obstructive sleep apnea (OR 44.48, 95% CI 4.91–403.28). Participants meeting metabolic syndrome criteria had significantly higher levels of malondialdehyde (p < 0.05) than those who did not. No difference in oxidative stress index levels were found according to obstructive sleep apnea status. Conclusions Our findings suggest that oxidative stress contributes to the onset of metabolic syndrome, and that obstructive sleep apnea is involved in oxidative stress. Whilst obesity, exercise, and smoking remain important targets for reducing the incidence of metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea, policies to control risks of prolonged exposure to oxidative stress are also relevant in occupations where such environmental conditions exist.

Efficacy assessment of prebiotic enriched camel milk along with various prebiotic combinations against metabolic syndrome using animal model

“…The supplementation of CM and PECM was associated with increased activity of antioxidants such as SOD, catalase, and GPx (Table 3) even after 20 days of treatment in comparison to the control and other prebiotic groups. It is proven that higher levels of reactive oxygen species are strongly related to cellular dysfunction, resulting in several chronic diseases, including diabetes, MetS, and hypertension (Kargar et al, 2021).…”

The Role of Oxidative Stress Enhanced by Adiposity in Cardiometabolic Diseases

“…The products of this process are conjugated dienes (CD) and lipid peroxides (ROOH) [ 109 ], and also the so-called secondary products of lipid peroxidation, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) [ 110 ], and isoprostanes (IsoPs) [ 111 ]. It was shown that oxidative stress may take part in the etiopathogenesis of numerous systemic diseases, including CMDs such as CVD [ 16 , 86 , 97 ] and MetS [ 112 , 113 ].…”

360-Degree Perspectives on Obesity

“…Furthermore, obstructive sleep apnea is often observed in obese patients [ 89 ]. This pathology causes episodes of hypoxia/reoxygenation, which is also a cause of oxidative stress [ 90 ].…”