Understanding the Time-Lag Behavior of the Breakdown-Discharge Voltage

Abstract

As the world enters the era of the Internet of Things (IoT), wireless devices and their networks become essential fundamental components. Recently, with the rapid development of the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), breakdown discharge has become an emerging hot topic in the field since it is the key limiting factor of the output performance, and it may also trigger new applications such as self-powered wireless sensing. However, understandings of the discharge behaviors in TENG are still limited. This study proposed a method to study the breakdown discharge with a large serial resistance and discovered the time-lag behavior of the breakdown discharge. A model based on the Eyring equation is demonstrated to explain this time-lag phenomenon. A convenient method to adjust the breakdown-discharge voltage is developed through this study. As an application, a wireless spark switch being modulated by a series-connected resistance is designed, which may be potentially utilized in wireless applications.

Progress in techniques for improving the output performance of triboelectric nanogenerators

“…In recent years, some researchers have developed various types of voltage-triggered switches, thereby raising the overall performance and efficiency of TENG systems. 272–274…”

“…In recent years, some researchers have developed various types of voltage-triggered switches, thereby raising the overall performance and efficiency of TENG systems. [272][273][274] As a kind of voltage-triggered switch, spark switches mainly adopt gas discharge to generate an arc under an electric field, so as to realize circuit switching. Compared with ordinary mechanical switches, spark switches present higher reliability and a longer service lifespan due to their characteristic of nonmechanical contact.…”

How to benchmark triboelectric nanogenerator: a review

“…To measure the V OC precisely, a man-made voltmeter is introduced that contains a working resistance (R W ) and an ammeter (figure 4(a)), where R W is 100 times larger than Z OC . But charges accumulate between electrodes as the load resistance increases and can induce high voltage (figure 4(b)), which may cause breakdown (figure 4(c)) and influence the measurement [53]. Li et al proposed a method that uses two resistors to divide the V OC and measures the resistor with low resistance [49], as presented in figure 4(d).…”

High thermal conductivity insulating AlN/poly(m-phenylenedicarbonyl-m-phenylenediamine) paper realized by enhanced compatibility: a selection of appropriate coupling agent

“…Due to the conservation of energy, the lost energy will be rapidly absorbed by the surrounding carriers, and therefore the carrier transport is impeded. As a consequence, a higher driven electric field is demanded to drift the carriers, which leads to a significant increase in the breakdown strength of the composite paper [25]. At the same mass fraction, the enhancement of the breakdown strength by the doped ceramic filler largely depends on the dispersion of the filler, where the well-dispersed filler in the matrix is highly desired for more intense carrier scattering.…”