Undetected tuberculosis at enrollment and after hospitalization in medical and oncology wards in Botswana

Baik, Yeonsoo; Fane, Othusitse; Wang, Qiao; Modongo, Chawangwa; Caiphus, Cynthia; Grover, Surbhi; Zetola, Nicola M.; Shin, Sanghyuk S.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0219678

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…MIRU-VNTR results were available for 2,137 patient isolates. We excluded 213 (10%) patient isolates that had incomplete or noninterpretable genotyping results; this exclusion was described elsewhere ( 23 , 24 ). Thus, 1,924 patients were included in phylogenetic analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population-Based Geospatial and Molecular Epidemiologic Study of Tuberculosis Transmission Dynamics, Botswana, 2012–2016

Zetola¹,

Moonan²,

Click³

et al. 2021

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Tuberculosis (TB) elimination requires interrupting transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis . We used a multidisciplinary approach to describe TB transmission in 2 sociodemographically distinct districts in Botswana (Kopanyo Study). During August 2012–March 2016, all patients who had TB were enrolled, their sputum samples were cultured, and M. tuberculosis isolates were genotyped by using 24-locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units–variable number of tandem repeats. Of 5,515 TB patients, 4,331 (79%) were enrolled. Annualized TB incidence varied by geography (range 66–1,140 TB patients/100,000 persons). A total of 1,796 patient isolates had valid genotyping results and residential geocoordinates; 780 (41%) patients were involved in a localized TB transmission event. Residence in areas with a high burden of TB, age <24 years, being a current smoker, and unemployment were factors associated with localized transmission events. Patients with known HIV-positive status had lower odds of being involved in localized transmission.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population-Based Geospatial and Molecular Epidemiologic Study of Tuberculosis Transmission Dynamics, Botswana, 2012–2016

Zetola¹,

Moonan²,

Click³

et al. 2021

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…This evidence is substantiated with another report that conventional tests like microscopic examination have low accurate TB diagnosis as compared to Xpert [ 39 ]. Possibly, many people with TB infection are still undetected in resource-limited and TB high burden countries [ 40 ]. Study related characteristics were not explored using a meta-regression due to low number of available studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of healthcare workers and volunteers training on improving tuberculosis case detection: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2023

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Introduction Tuberculosis is the second most common infectious cause of death globally. Low TB case detection remains a major challenge to achieve the global End TB targets. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine whether training of health professionals and volunteers increase TB case detection. Methods We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials and non-randomized control trials reporting on the effectiveness of health professionals and volunteers training on TB case detection. We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, and reference sections of included articles from inception through to 15 February 2021, for studies published in English. Study screening, data extraction, and bias assessments were performed independently by two reviewers with third and fourth reviewers participating to resolve conflicts. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist. Meta-analyses were performed with a random effect model to estimate the effectiveness of training intervention on TB case detection. Results Of the 2015 unique records identified through our search strategies, 2007 records were excluded following the screening, leaving eight studies to be included in the final systematic review and meta-analysis. The results showed that providing training to health professionals and volunteers significantly increased TB case detection (RR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.53, 1.66). There was not a significant degree of heterogeneity across the included study on the outcome of interest (I2 = 0.00%, p = 0.667). Conclusions Providing training to healthcare workers and volunteers can increase TB case detection.

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“…A retrospective cross-sectional study was undertaken at Princess Marina Hospital (PMH), a tertiary level care hospital in Gaborone, the capital city of Botswana, treating patients with HIV and TB [35]. All the medical and specific TB registries for patients who were admitted onto the medical wards from 1 June 2017 to 30 June 2018 were reviewed to identify patients meeting the inclusion criteria for the study population.…”

Section: Study Design Setting and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alanine transaminase and hemoglobin appear to predict the occurrence of antituberculosis medication hepatotoxicity; findings and implications in Botswana

Kesenogile¹,

Godman

Rwegerera

2020

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy

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Objective: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health problem, with medications having adverse effects including drug-induced hepatotoxicity. We determined the prevalence of anti-tuberculosis druginduced hepatotoxicity and associated risk factors. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study in Botswana including TB patients admitted from 1 June 2017 to 30 June 2018. Anti-TB drug-induced hepatotoxicity was categorized according to WHO criteria whereas causality assessment was made according to the updated Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (RUCAM) scale. The association between hepatotoxicity and included variables was undertaken by binary logistic regression. Results: Out of 112 patient files, 15 (13.4%) developed hepatotoxicity after an average of 20.4 days from the start of treatment. Grade 3 and 4 hepatotoxicity was found in 66.7% of the cases. According to the updated RUCAM tool, 86.7% of patients were categorized as having possible anti-TB-associated hepatotoxicity. Patients with elevated baseline alanine transaminase (ALT) were more likely to develop hepatotoxicity (OR = 3.484, 95% CI = 1.02-11.90). Patients with normal hemoglobin (Hb ≥ 12 g/dl) were also more likely to develop hepatotoxicity (OR = 4.413, 95% CI = 1.160-14.8). Conclusion: Overall, normal hemoglobin and elevated baseline ALT levels were significantly associated with anti-TB drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Additional research is needed to explore this association further.

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Undetected tuberculosis at enrollment and after hospitalization in medical and oncology wards in Botswana

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Population-Based Geospatial and Molecular Epidemiologic Study of Tuberculosis Transmission Dynamics, Botswana, 2012–2016

Population-Based Geospatial and Molecular Epidemiologic Study of Tuberculosis Transmission Dynamics, Botswana, 2012–2016

Effectiveness of healthcare workers and volunteers training on improving tuberculosis case detection: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Alanine transaminase and hemoglobin appear to predict the occurrence of antituberculosis medication hepatotoxicity; findings and implications in Botswana

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